Search Results: All Fields similar to 'Skylab'

Skylab -- February 1974

Scientist-astronaut Edward G …

7/16/08

Description	Scientist-astronaut Edward G. Gibson has just exited the Skylab extravehicular activity hatchway. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander, took this picture during the final Skylab spacewalk that took place on Feb. 3, 1974. Carr was above on the Apollo Telescope Mount when he shot this frame of Gibson. Note Carr's umbilical/tether line extending from inside the space station up toward the camera. Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot, remained inside the space station during the spacewalk by Carr and Gibson.
Date	7/16/08

Skylab -- May 1973

Two members of the prime cre …

7/16/08

Description	Two members of the prime crew of the first manned Skylab mission assist each other in suiting up in Building 5 at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston during a pre-launch training activity. They are scientist-astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin (left), science pilot, and astronaut Paul J. Weitz, pilot. The third member of the crew was astronaut Charles "Pete" Conrad Jr., commander.
Date	7/16/08

Skylab -- August 1973

On a spacewalk, astronaut Ow …

7/16/08

Description	On a spacewalk, astronaut Owen K. Garriott, science pilot, retrieves an imagery experiment from the Apollo Telescope Mount attached to the Skylab in Earth orbit.
Date	7/16/08

Skylab -- August 1973

Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Sk …

7/16/08

Description	Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, participates in the Aug. 6, 1973 spacewalk. He and astronaut Owen K. Garriott, science pilot, deployed the twin-pole solar shield to help shade the Orbital Workshop. Note the striking reflection of Earth in Lousma's helmet visor.
Date	7/16/08

Skylab Over Earth

Title	Skylab Over Earth
Explanation	Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/skylab.html ] was an orbiting laboratory launched by a Saturn V rocket [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950829.html ] in May 1973. Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/images/skylab_images.html ] was visited three times by NASA astronauts who sometimes stayed as long as two and a half months. Many scientific tests were performed on Skylab [ http://www.ssl.msfc.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/skylab.htm ], including astronomical observations in ultraviolet [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#uv ] and X-ray [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#X-ray ] light. Some of these observations yielded valuable information about Comet Kohoutek [ http://www.exploratorium.edu/exploring/space/kohoutek.html ], our Sun [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap960916.html ] and about the mysterious X-ray background [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap000114.html ] - radiation that comes from all over the sky. Skylab [ http://www.xmission.com/~skylab/skylab.html ] fell back to earth on 11 July 1979.

Skylab -- August 1973

Astronaut Alan L. Bean, Skyl …

7/16/08

Description	Astronaut Alan L. Bean, Skylab 3 commander, flies the M509 Astronaut Maneuvering Equipment in the forward dome area of the Orbital Workshop on the space station cluster in Earth orbit. Bean is strapped into the back-mounted, hand-controlled Automatically Stabilized Maneuvering Unit, or ASMU. He is wearing a pressure suit for this run of the M509 experiment, but other ASMU tests are done in shirt sleeves. The dome area where the experiment is conducted is about 22 feet in diameter and 19 feet from top to bottom.
Date	7/16/08

Skylab Concept by George Mue …

Title	Skylab Concept by George Mueller
Full Description	This is a sketch of Skylab, as drawn by George E. Mueller, NASA associate administrator for Manned Space Flight. This concept drawing was created at a meeting at the Marshall Space Flight Center on August 19, 1966. The image details the station's major elements. In 1970, the station became known as Skylab. Three manned Skylab missions (Skylab 2 in May 1973, Skylab 3 in July 1973, and Skylab 4 in November 1973) were flown on which experiments were conducted in:space science, earth resources, life sciences, space technology, and student projects.
Date	08/19/1966
NASA Center	Marshall Space Flight Center

Skylab Prime Astronaut Crews

Name of Image	Skylab Prime Astronaut Crews
Date of Image	1972-01-01
Full Description	This photograph is a montage of astronaut crews for the three Skylab missions with simple biographical data of each astronaut. The 1st mission was designated as Skylab-2, 2nd mission as Skylab-3, and 3rd mission as Skylab-4. The Skylab-1 mission placed the Skylab Orbital Work Shop in orbit by a modified Saturn V launch vehicle. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit and performed a variety of more than 100 experiments.

Skylab 4 crew in preflight t …

Title	Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up
Description	The three members of the prime crew of the third of three scheduled manned Skylab missions (Skylab 4) go through Skylab preflight training in the Mission Training and Simulation Facility at JSC. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr (on right), Skylab 4 commander, is seated at a simulator which represents the control and display console of the Apollo Telescope Mount which is located in the space station's Multiple Docking Adapter. Seated on the left is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot. In the left background is Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot.
Date	02.01.1973

Skylab 4 crew in preflight t …

Title	Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up
Description	The three members of the prime crew of the third of three scheduled manned Skylab missions (Skylab 4) go through Skylab preflight training in the Mission Training and Simulation Facility at JSC. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr (on right), Skylab 4 commander, is seated at a simulator which represents the control and display console of the Apollo Telescope Mount which is located in the space station's Multiple Docking Adapter. Seated on the left is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot. In the left background is Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot.
Date	02.01.1973

Apollo17 - On the Shoulders …

APOLLO 17: ON THE SHOULDERS …

1973

Description	APOLLO 17: ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS JSC 603 - (1973) - 28 1/2 Minutes Astronauts: Eugene A. Cernan, Ronald E. Evans, and Harrison H. Schmitt Launch date: December 7, 1972 A documentary view of the Apollo 17 journey to Taurus-Littrow, the final lunar landing mission in the Apollo Program. The film depicts the highlights of the mission and relates the Apollo Program to Skylab, the Apollo-Soyuz linkup, and the Space Shuttle. AWARDS: Chris Bronze Plaque Award, 21st Annual Columbus Film Festival, 1983 * Trophy of the Italian Department of Defense * 1st International Review of Cinema and TV Films on Flight, Milan, Italy, 1974 * Special Prize, 11th International Review of Technical, Scientific, and Educational Films, Pardubice, Czechoslovakia, 1973
Date	1973

Skylab 3 Close-Up

Title	Skylab 3 Close-Up
Full Description	A closeup view of the Skylab space station photographed against an Earth background from the Skylab 3 Command/Service Module during station keeping maneuvers prior to docking. The Ilba Grande de Gurupa area of the Amazon River Vally of Brazil can be seen below. Aboard the command module were astronauts Alan L. Bean, Owen K. Garriott, and Jack R. Lousma, who remained with the Skylab space station in Earth's orbit for 59 days. This picture was taken with a hand-held 70mm Hasselblad camera using a 100mm lens and SO-368 medium speed Ektachrome film. Note the one solar array system wing on the Orbital Workshop (OWS) which was successfully deployed during axtravehicular activity (EVA) on the first manned Skylab flight. The parasol solar shield which was deployed by the Skylab 2 crew can be seen through the support struts of the Apollo Telescope Mount.
Date	07/28/1973
NASA Center	Headquarters

Dummy left behind by Skylab 3 crew for the Skylab 4 crew

Dummy left behind by Skylab …

Title	Dummy left behind by Skylab 3 crew for the Skylab 4 crew
Description	This photograph is an illustration of the humorous side of the Skylab 3 crew. This dummy was left behind in the Skylab space station by the Skylab 3 crew to be found by the Skylab 4 crew. The dummy is dressed in a flight suit and placed in the Lower Body Negative Pressure Device. The name tag indicates that it represents Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander. In the background is a partial view of the dummy for William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot, propped upon the bicycle ergometer (1586), This dummy is dressed in a flight suit and propped upon the bicycle ergometer. The name tag indicates that it represents William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot (1587).
Date Taken	1973-08-16

Skylab Over Earth

Title	Skylab Over Earth
Explanation	Skylab [ http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/history/skylab/skylab.html ] was an orbiting laboratory launched by a Saturn V rocket [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950829.html ] in May 1973. Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/pretty_pictures_skylab.html ] was visited three times by NASA astronauts who sometimes stayed as long as two and a half months. Many scientific tests were preformed on Skylab, including astronomical observations in ultraviolet [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#uv ] and X-ray [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#X-ray ] light. Some of these observations yielded valuable information about Comet Kohoutek, our Sun [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950813.html ] and about the mysterious X-ray background - radiation that comes from all over the sky. Skylab fell back to earth on 11 July 1979. Tomorrow's picture: X-Raying the Moon

Skylab

Name of Image	Skylab
Date of Image	1974-01-01
Full Description	This image is an artist's concept of the Skylab in orbit with callouts of its major components. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.

Skylab Illustration

Name of Image	Skylab Illustration
Date of Image	1972-01-01
Full Description	This artist's concept is a cutaway illustration of the Skylab with the Command/Service Module being docked to the Multiple Docking Adapter. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.

General Characteristics of t …

Name of Image	General Characteristics of the Skylab
Date of Image	1970-01-01
Full Description	This illustration shows general characteristics of the Skylab with callouts of its major components. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.

Skylab Components in Launch …

Name of Image	Skylab Components in Launch Configuration
Date of Image	1969-01-01
Full Description	This cutaway drawing illustrates major Skylab components in launch configuration on top of the Saturn V. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.

Skylab Program Illustration

Name of Image	Skylab Program Illustration
Date of Image	1971-01-01
Full Description	This image illustrates major areas of emphasis of the Skylab Program. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.

Skylab

Name of Image	Skylab
Date of Image	1974-01-01
Full Description	This image is an artist's concept of the Skylab in orbit. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.

Skylab Model

Name of Image	Skylab Model
Date of Image	1967-01-01
Full Description	This photograph is of a model of the Skylab with the Command/Service Module being docked. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.

Dummy left behind by Skylab …

Title	Dummy left behind by Skylab 3 crew for the Skylab 4 crew
Description	This photograph is an illustration of the humorous side of the Skylab 3 crew. This dummy was left behind in the Skylab space station by the Skylab 3 crew to be found by the Skylab 4 crew. The dummy is dressed in a flight suit and placed in the Lower Body Negative Pressure Device. The name tag indicates that it represents Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander. In the background is a partial view of the dummy for William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot, propped upon the bicycle ergometer (1586), This dummy is dressed in a flight suit and propped upon the bicycle ergometer. The name tag indicates that it represents William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot (1587).
Date Taken	1973-08-16

Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up

Skylab 4 crew in preflight t …

Title	Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up
Description	The three members of the prime crew of the third of three scheduled manned Skylab missions (Skylab 4) go through Skylab preflight training in the Mission Training and Simulation Facility at JSC. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr (on right), Skylab 4 commander, is seated at a simulator which represents the control and display console of the Apollo Telescope Mount which is located in the space station's Multiple Docking Adapter. Seated on the left is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot. In the left background is Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot.
Date Taken	1973-02-01

Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Pho …

Name of Image	Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Date of Image	1974-01-01
Full Description	This photograph was taken as the third crew (Skylab-4) departed the space station. The solar observatory was designed for full exposure to the Sun throughout most of the Skylab mission. Solar energy was transformed into electrical power for operation of all spacecraft systems. The proper operation of these solar arrays was vital to the mission. This Skylab in orbit view was taken by the Skylab-4 crew.

Assembling the Skylab Cluste …

Name of Image	Assembling the Skylab Cluster
Date of Image	1970-01-01
Full Description	Assembling activities of the Skylab cluster are shown in this photograph. The Orbital Workshop (OWS) was lowered for joining to aft skirt and placed over the thrust structure inside the assembly tower. The OWS provided living and working quarters for the Skylab crew and the thruster provided short-term attitude control of the Skylab. The Marshall Space Flight Center had responsibilities for the design and development of the Skylab hardware, and management of experiments.

Skylab Food Heating and Serv …

Name of Image	Skylab Food Heating and Serving Tray
Date of Image	1970-01-01
Full Description	Shown here is the Skylab food heating and serving tray with food, drink, and utensils. The tray contained heating elements for preparing the individual food packets. The food on Skylab was a great improvement over that on earlier spaceflights. It was no longer necessary to squeeze liquified food from plastic tubes. Skylab's kitchen in the Orbital Workshop wardroom was so equipped that each crewman could select his own menu and prepare it to his own taste. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

Skylab Over Earth

Title	Skylab Over Earth
Explanation	Skylab [ http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/history/skylab/skylab.html ] was an orbiting laboratory launched by a Saturn V rocket [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950829.html ] in May 1973. Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/pretty_pictures_skylab.html ] was visited three times by NASA astronauts who sometimes stayed as long as two and a half months. Many scientific tests were performed on Skylab, including astronomical observations in ultraviolet [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#uv ] and X-ray [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#X-ray ] light. Some of these observations yielded valuable information about Comet Kohoutek, our Sun [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950813.html ] and about the mysterious X-ray background - radiation that comes from all over the sky. Skylab fell back to earth on 11 July 1979.

Skylab Astronauts' Neutral B …

Name of Image	Skylab Astronauts' Neutral Buoyancy Simulator Training
Date of Image	1970-11-18
Full Description	After the end of the Apollo missions, NASA's next adventure into space was the marned spaceflight of Skylab. Using an S-IVB stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle, Skylab was a two-story orbiting laboratory, one floor being living quarters and the other a work room. The objectives of Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. At the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), astronauts and engineers spent hundreds of hours in an MSFC Neutral Buoyancy Simulator (NBS) rehearsing procedures to be used during the Skylab mission, developing techniques, and detecting and correcting potential problems. The NBS was a 40-foot deep water tank that simulated the weightlessness environment of space. This photograph shows astronaut Ed Gibbon (a prime crew member of the Skylab-4 mission) during the neutral buoyancy Skylab extravehicular activity training at the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) mockup. One of Skylab's major components, the ATM was the most powerful astronomical observatory ever put into orbit to date.

Skylab

Name of Image	Skylab
Date of Image	1974-02-01
Full Description	The idea that ultimately became Skylab first surfaced in 1962 as a proposal to convert a spent Saturn upper stage (Saturn V S-II stage) into an orbital workshop. In 1968, the Marshall Space Flight Center proposed an alternative to the wet workshop concept of refurbishing a space station in orbit. Instead, a fully equipped dry workshop could be launched as a complete unit ready for occupancy. Skylab became the free world's first space station. Launched in May 1973, the Skylab space station was occupied in succession by three teams of three crewmembers. These crews spent 28, 59, and 84 days respectively, orbiting the Earth and performing nearly 300 experiments. This view of Skylab in orbit was taken by the Skylab 4 (the last Skylab mission) crew.

View of Skylab 4 Command/Service module in docked configuration

View of Skylab 4 Command/Ser …

Title	View of Skylab 4 Command/Service module in docked configuration
Description	View of the Skylab 4 Command/Service module in a docked configuration, docked with the Skylab space station in Earth orbit. This picture was taken by Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander, during the final Skylab extravehicular activity which took place on February 3, 1974.
Date Taken	1974-02-03

Emblem for the second manned Skylab mission, Skylab 3

Emblem for the second manned …

Title	Emblem for the second manned Skylab mission, Skylab 3
Description	This is the emblem for the second manned Skylab mission. It will be a mission of up to 56 days. The patch symbolizes the main objectives of the flight. The central figure, adapted from one by Leonardo da Vinci, illustrates the proportions of the human form and suggests the many studies of man himself to be conducted in the zero-gravity environment of space. This drawing is superimposed on two hemispheres representing the two additional main areas of research - studies of the Sun and the development of techniques for survey of the Earth's resources. The left hemisphere show the Sun as it will be seen in the red light radiated by hydrogen atoms in the solar atmosphere. The right hemisphere is intended to suggest the studies of Earth resources to be conducted on Skylab. Although the patch denotes this mission as Skylab II, it is actually consided to be the Skylab III mission.
Date Taken	1973-02-01

General Description	SL2-02-161 (06/01/73) - Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., Skylab 2 commander, during an exercise session on the bicycle ergometer in the crew quarters of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) in the Skylab 2 space station cluster in Earth orbit.

Astronaut Owen Garriott Performs EVA During Skylab 3

Astronaut Owen Garriott Perf …

Title	Astronaut Owen Garriott Performs EVA During Skylab 3
Full Description	Scientist-astronaut Owen K. Garriott, Skylab 3 science pilot, is seen performing an extravehicular activity at the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit, photographed with a hand- held 70mm Hasselblad camera. Garriott had just deployed the Skylab Particle Collection S149 Experiment. The experiment is mounted on one of the ATM solar panels. The purpose of the S149 experiment was to collect material from interplanetary dust particles on prepared surfaces suitable for studying their impact phenomena. Earlier during the EVA Garriott assisted astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, in deploying the twin pole solar shield.
Date	08/06/1973
NASA Center	Johnson Space Center

Terry Quist Discusses Skylab …

Name of Image	Terry Quist Discusses Skylab Experiment
Date of Image	1972-08-21
Full Description	San Antonio, Texas high school student, Terry C. Quist (left), and Dr. Raymond Gause of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), discuss the student?s experiment to be performed aboard the Skylab the following year. His experiment, ?Earth Orbital Neutron Analysis? required detectors such as the one he is examining in this photo. The detector was to be attached to a water tank in Skylab. Neutrons striking the detectors left traces that were brought out by a chemical etching process after the Skylab mission. Quist?s experiment seeked to record neutron hits, count them, and determine their direction. This information was to help determine the source of neutrons in the solar system. Quist was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC two months earlier where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment. The equipment for the experiments was manufactured at MSFC.

Skylab Program

Name of Image	Skylab Program
Date of Image	1971-01-01
Full Description	This illustration depicts the Skylab-1 and Skylab-2 mission sequence. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.

Neutron Analysis - Skylab St …

Name of Image	Neutron Analysis - Skylab Student Experiment ED-76
Date of Image	1973-01-01
Full Description	The rate of neutron flow is commonly referred to as a flux. The measurement of neutron fluxes in Skylab was the subject of a proposal by Terry Quist of San Antonio, Texas. This chart describes Quist's experiment, Neutron Analysis, Skylab student experiment ED-76. These measurements were considered important not only by NASA but also by the scientific community for four reasons. High energy neutrons can be harmful to human tissue if they are present in significant quantities. Fluxes of neutrons can damage film and other sensitive experimental equipment in a marner similar to those produced by x-rays or other radiation. Furthermore, neutron fluxes can be used as a calibration source for other space-oriented particle physics experiments. Finally, neutron fluxes can affect sensitive x-ray and gamma-ray astronomy observations. Quist's objectives were to measure the neutron fluxes present in Skylab and, with the assistance of NASA and other physicists, to attempt determination of their origin as well as their energy range or spectrum. This experiment had stimulated interest in further studies of neutron phenomena in space. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.

Skylab Earth Resource Experi …

Name of Image	Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Date of Image	1973-06-01
Full Description	This EREP color infrared photograph of the Uncompahgre Plateau area of Colorado was taken in June of 1973 by the Earth Terrain Camera (Skylab EREP Experiment S190B) of the Skylab's Multi-spectral Photographic Facility during the Skylab-2 mission. Skylab stereoscopic data provided the best identification of vegetation complexes and delineation of vegetation boundaries, particularly in areas where changes in relief were related to changes in vegetation type (a common occurrence in wild-land vegetation communities).

Ultraviolet Panorama - Skyla …

Name of Image	Ultraviolet Panorama - Skylab Experiment S183
Date of Image	1972-01-01
Full Description	This photograph describes details of the telescopic camera for ultraviolet star photography for Skylab's Ultraviolet Panorama experiment (S183) placed in the Skylab airlock. The S183 experiment was designed to obtain ultraviolet photographs at three wavelengths of hot stars, clusters of stars, large stellar clouds in the Milky Way, and nuclei of other galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

Nuclear Emulsion - Skylab Ex …

Name of Image	Nuclear Emulsion - Skylab Experiment S009
Date of Image	1970-09-01
Full Description	This photograph shows Skylab's Nuclear Emulsion experiment, a Skylab science facility that was mounted inside the Multiple Docking Adapter used to record the relative abundance of primary, high-energy heavy nuclei outside the Earth's atmosphere. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

Time and Motion Study - Skyl …

Name of Image	Time and Motion Study - Skylab Experiment M151
Date of Image	1970-01-01
Full Description	This 1970 photograph shows Skylab's Time and Motion experiment (M151) control unit, a medical study to measure performance differences between tasks undertaken on Earth and the same tasks performed by Skylab crew members in orbit. Data collected from this experiment evaluated crew members' zero-gravity behavior for designs and work programs for future space exploration. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

Skylab-3 Onboard Photograph …

Name of Image	Skylab-3 Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Date of Image	1973-01-01
Full Description	This striking image of Skylab was photographed by Astronaut Jack Lousma (Skylab-3), as the second crew reached the orbiting laboratory over the delta of the mighty Amazon River. Skylab's solar arrays were exposed directly to the Sun's rays. Solar energy was transformed into electrical power for operation of all spacecraft systems. The proper operation of these solar arrays was vital to the mission.

Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Pho …

Name of Image	Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Date of Image	1974-01-01
Full Description	This image of Skylab in orbit was taken as the third crew (Skylab-4) departed the space station after 84 days in the orbiting laboratory. A smiling Skylab seemed to wink good-bye for the job well done.

Assembling the Skylab Cluste …

Name of Image	Assembling the Skylab Cluster
Date of Image	1971-05-01
Full Description	This photograph shows activities during assembly of the Skylab cluster at the Vehicle Assembly/Checkout building. The Saturn V S-IVB stage is shown at left, and right is the Orbital Workshop (OWS) being readied for mating to the thruster. The S-IVB stage was modified to house the OWS, which provided living and working quarters for the Skylab crews. The Marshall Space Flight Center had responsibilities for the design and development of the Skylab hardware, and management of experiments.

Galactic X-Ray Mapping - Sky …

Name of Image	Galactic X-Ray Mapping - Skylab Experiment S150
Date of Image	1970-01-01
Full Description	This photograph shows Skylab's Galactic X-Ray Mapping facility (S150), an astrophysics and space sciences investigation. An objective of this experiment was to extend the search for the origin of galactic x-rays beyond the sensitivity possible with short flights of small research rockets. This was accomplished by placing a large-area, soft x-ray detector in orbit to collect data for a much longer time. The S150 instrument was not in Skylab but in the instrument unit of the second stage of the Skylab-3 Saturn IB rocket.

Time and Motion Study - Skyl …

Name of Image	Time and Motion Study - Skylab Experiment M151
Date of Image	1972-01-01
Full Description	This chart details Skylab's Time and Motion experiment (M151), a medical study to measure performance differences between tasks undertaken on Earth and the same tasks performed by Skylab crew members in orbit. Data collected from this experiment evaluated crew members' zero-gravity behavior for designs and work programs for future space exploration. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

Ultraviolet Panorama - Skyla …

Name of Image	Ultraviolet Panorama - Skylab Experiment S183
Date of Image	1970-01-01
Full Description	This photograph shows a telescopic camera for ultraviolet star photography for Skylab's Ultraviolet Panorama experiment (S183) placed in the Skylab airlock. The S183 experiment was designed to obtain ultraviolet photographs, at three wavelengths, of hot stars, clusters of stars, large stellar clouds in the Milky Way, and nuclei of other galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

Skylab 4 crew in preflight t …

Title	Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up
Description	The three members of the prime crew of the third of three scheduled manned Skylab missions (Skylab 4) go through Skylab preflight training in the Mission Training and Simulation Facility at JSC. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr (on right), Skylab 4 commander, is seated at a simulator which represents the control and display console of the Apollo Telescope Mount which is located in the space station's Multiple Docking Adapter. Seated on the left is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot. In the left background is Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot.
Date Taken	1973-02-01

Skylab Over Earth

Title	Skylab Over Earth
Explanation	Skylab [ http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/skylab/skylab.htm ] was an orbiting laboratory launched by a Saturn V rocket [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap010525.html ] in May 1973. Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/images/skylab_images.html ], pictured above [ http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/ABSTRACTS/GPN-2000-001055.html ], was visited three times by NASA astronauts who sometimes stayed as long as two and a half months. Many scientific tests were performed on Skylab [ http://www.ssl.msfc.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/skylab.htm ], including astronomical observations in ultraviolet [ http://imagers.gsfc.nasa.gov/ems/uv.html ] and X-ray [ http://cxpi.spme.monash.edu.au/xray_history.htm ] light. Some of these observations yielded valuable information about Comet Kohoutek [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohoutek ], our Sun [ http://www.nineplanets.org/sol.html ] and about the mysterious X-ray background [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap000114.html ] - radiation that comes from all over the sky. Skylab [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylab ] fell back to earth on 11 July 1979.

Skylab Solar Shield

Title	Skylab Solar Shield
Full Description	A sail like sunshade for possible use as a sunscreen for the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) is shown being fabricated in the GE Building across the street from Johnson Space Center, Houston Texas. Three people help the steamstress feed the material through the sewing machine. The three-layered sunshade will be composed of a top layer of aluminized mylar, a middle layer of laminated nylon ripstop, and a bottom layer of thin nylon. Working on the sunshade are from left to right: Dale Gentry, Elizabeth Gauldin, Alyene Baker, and James H. Barnett Jr. Mrs. Baker, a GE employee, operates the double needle Singer sewing machine. Barnett is head of the Crew Equipment Development Section of JSC Crew Systems Division. Mrs. Gauldin is also with the Crew Systems Division. Gentry works for GE. The work shown here is part of the crash program underway to prepare a sunshield for Skylab to replace the orginal shield which was lost when Skylab 1 was launched on May 14, 1973. The improvised solar shield selected to be used will be carried to Earth orbit by the Skylab 2 crewman who will then deploy the reflective parasol to shade part of the OWS from the hot rays of the sun. Loss of the orginal sun shield has caused an overheating problem. in the Orbital Work Shop.
Date	01/01/1973
NASA Center	Headquarters

Skylab Station Viewed by Skylab 2 Command Module

Skylab Station Viewed by Sky …

Title	Skylab Station Viewed by Skylab 2 Command Module
Full Description	A view of the Skylab 1 space station Orbital Workshop showing the micrometeoroid shield missing. A parasol solar shield was later deployed to shade this exposed area. This picture was taken from the Skylab 2 Command/Service Module during its "fly around" inspection. The Apollo Telescope Mount is in the background. The damaged and partially deployed OWS solar array system wing is at lower right. After an aluminum strapping was cut during the June 7th extravehicular activity, the solar panel fully deployed. The OWS solar panel on the opposite side was completely ripped off during the Skylab 1 launch on May 14th leaving only cables and tubing.
Date	05/25/1973
NASA Center	Headquarters

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