Search Results: All Fields similar to 'Mars and Rover'

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Sojourner's View: The Sagan …
Title Sojourner's View: The Sagan Memorial Station
Explanation The robot rover Sojourner [ http://mars.sgi.com/rover/name.html ] sees Mars from the perspective [ http://www-k12.atmos.washington.edu/k12/resources/ mars_data-information/mars_overview.html#Viking Lander sites ] of a house cat [ http://pibweb.it.nwu.edu/~pib/catindiv.htm ]. During the 7 month cruise to Mars [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap970522.html ] aboard the Pathfinder spacecraft, Sojourner measured only seven inches tall in a stowed position but prowling the martian landscape it has stretched to its full height of 1 foot (30 centimeters). In this mosaic of images [ http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/marsnews/img/81220.txt ] Sojourner's cameras look back on its mother ship, now the Sagan Memorial Station [ http://mars.sgi.com/default.html ], which seems to loom above it. The deployment ramp [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap970707.html ] is visible along with deflated airbags, instrumentation masts and tracks left in the martian soil by the robot's six cleated 5-inch aluminum wheels. So far the rover has been directed [ http://mars.sgi.com/ops/rover.html ] to analyze soil and the composition of two rocks, Barnacle Bill [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap970708.html ] (seen just to the right of the ramp) and Yogi. Human operators select Sojourner's targets but the robot rover [ http://ranier.hq.nasa.gov/telerobotics_page/coolrobots.html ] is relied on to navigate to its destination autonomously [ http://mars.sgi.com/rover/descrip.html ]. Click here to download a movie gif of Sojourner creeping toward Yogi.
Daisy in Full Bloom on "Maza …
PIA05673
Sol (our sun)
Miniature Thermal Emission S …
Title Daisy in Full Bloom on "Mazatzal
Original Caption Released with Image This image from the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit panoramic camera shows a daisy pattern created by the rover's rock abrasion tool on the surface of "Mazatzal." The pattern was made as the rover brushed dust off enough area on the rock to match the field of view of the rover's miniature thermal emission spectrometer instrument.
Do the Hokey Pokey
PIA06268
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Do the Hokey Pokey
Original Caption Released with Image This animation shows the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's "dance" into "Endurance Crater." The rover drove forward, back, then forward again, bringing it five meters (16.4 feet) into the crater. Presently, the rover is investigating a flat rock dubbed "Tennessee" with its scientific instruments. The images making up this movie were taken by the rover's front hazard-avoidance camera.
Spirit Looks Back
PIA05082
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Spirit Looks Back
Original Caption Released with Image This image from the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit's rear hazard identification camera shows the rover's hind view of the lander platform, its nest for the past 12 sols, or martian days. The rover is approximately 1 meter (3 feet) in front of the airbag-cushioned lander, facing northwest. Note the tracks left in the martian soil by the rovers' wheels, all six of which have rolled off the lander. This is the first time the rover has touched martian soil.
Opportunity Catches its Shad …
PIA06739
Sol (our sun)
Hazard-identification Camera
Title Opportunity Catches its Shadow on Sol 180
Original Caption Released with Image This self-portrait of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity comes courtesy of the Sun and the rover's front hazard-avoidance camera. The dramatic snapshot of Opportunity's shadow was taken as the rover continues to move farther into "Endurance Crater." The image was taken on sol 180 (July 26, 2004), a date that marks achievement of fully double the rover's primary 90-sol mission.
Turning on Mars
PIA05054
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Turning on Mars
Original Caption Released with Image This image, taken on Mars, shows the view from the front hazard avoidance cameras on the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit after the rover has backed up 25 centimeters (10 inches) and turned 45 degrees clockwise. This maneuver is the first step in a 3-point turn that will rotate the rover 115 degrees to face the rear direction and drive off a rear side lander petal. Note that the view in this image matches that of the image taken during rehearsal of this maneuver in the JPL testbed.
X" Marks the Spot
PIA05228
Sol (our sun)
Descent Image Motion Estimat …
Title X" Marks the Spot
Original Caption Released with Image This map of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's new neighborhood at Meridiani Planum, Mars, shows the surface features used to locate the rover. By imaging these "bumps" on the horizon from the perspective of the rover, mission members were able to pin down the rover's precise location. The image consists of data from the Mars Global Surveyor orbiter, the Mars Odyssey orbiter and the descent image motion estimation system located on the bottom of the rover.
Making Tracks on Mars
title Making Tracks on Mars
date 01.31.2004
description This image captured by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's rear hazard-identification camera shows the now-empty lander that carried the rover 283 million miles to Meridiani Planum, Mars. Engineers received confirmation that Opportunity's six wheels successfully rolled off the lander and onto martian soil at 3:01 a.m. PST, January 31, 2004, on the seventh martian day, or sol, of the mission. The rover is approximately 1 meter (3 feet) in front of the lander, facing north. Immediate science results from the rover indicated that the site does indeed have a type of mineral, crystalline hematite, that was the principal reason the site was selected for exploration. *Image Credit*: NASA/JPL
A Bird's-Eye View of Erebus
title A Bird's-Eye View of Erebus
date 11.23.2005
description This false-color view combines frames taken by the panoramic camera on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity on the rover's 652 through 663 Martian days, or sols (Nov. 23 to Dec. 5, 2005), at the edge of Erebus Crater. The mosaic is presented as a vertical projection. This type of projection provides a true-to-scale overhead view of the rover deck and nearby surrounding terrain. The view here shows outcrop rocks, sand dunes, and other features out to a distance of about 25 meters (82 feet) from the rover. Opportunity examined targets on the outcrop called "Rimrock" in front of the rover, testing the mobility and operation of Opportunity's robotic arm. The view shows examples of the dunes and ripples that Opportunity has been crossing as the rover drives on the Meridiani plains. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell
Sojourner Rover Tracks in Co …
PIA01137
Sol (our sun)
Rover Cameras
Title Sojourner Rover Tracks in Compressible Soil
Original Caption Released with Image Sojourner's observations in the Ares region on Mars raise and answer questions about the origins of the rocks and other deposits found there. Deposits are not the same everywhere. In compressible soil, a rover wheel produced ruts with steep walls, marginal slumps, and nearly perfect reflective casts of the spacing between the cleats. NOTE: original caption as published in Science Magazine Mars Pathfinder is the second in NASA's Discovery program of low-cost spacecraft with highly focused science goals. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, developed and manages the Mars Pathfinder mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech).
At the Edge of 'Endurance'
PIA05872
Sol (our sun)
Title At the Edge of 'Endurance'
Original Caption Released with Image This image shows the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity at the end of its sol 95 drive to the edge of "Endurance Crater." The rover stopped within 40 centimeters (15.7 inches) of the crater's edge on its first approach, seen in this image. The terrain model in this image was generated with a special software program called the Rover Sequencing and Visualization Program. The program is used by rover drivers to simulate and safely plan the rover's approach path. Blank areas in the image denote missing data.
Spirit's Destination (panora …
PIA05591
Sol (our sun)
Panoramic Camera
Title Spirit's Destination (panorama)
Original Caption Released with Image "" Click on the image for Spirit's Destination (panorama) (QTVR) This panoramic image mosaic from the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit panoramic camera, shows the rover's destination toward the hills nicknamed the "Columbia Hills," on the right. The rover's heatshield can be seen on the left as a tiny bright dot in the distance, just under the horizon. Dark drift material can be seen in the image center. The rover is currently positioned outside the view of this image, on the right. This image was taken on sols 68 and 69 of Spirit's mission (March 12 and 13, 2004) from the location the rover first reached on the western rim of the crater. The image is in approximate true color, based on a scaling of data from the red, green and blue (750 nanometers, 530 nanometers, and 480 nanometers) filters.
Virtual Rover Deploys Arm
PIA05098
Sol (our sun)
Title Virtual Rover Deploys Arm
Original Caption Released with Image This image taken by the panoramic camera on the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit highlights the first patch of soil examined by the rover's microscopic imager. The imager is located on the rover's instrument deployment device, or "arm." The rover can be seen to the right. Engineers first deployed the arm early Friday morning, Jan. 16, 2004.
Simulated View for Rover Act …
PIA03234
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title Simulated View for Rover Activity Planning
Original Caption Released with Image The black-and-white base image in this view was taken by NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit with its navigation camera during the rover's 658th Martian day, or sol (Nov. 8, 2005). The location is on the eastern side of "Husband Hill." The superimposed colored lines and computer image of the rover indicate Spirit's path ahead and the intended position at the end of the drive. Rover-team scientists and engineers use this type of simulated image as a help in planning activities for succeeding sols.
Curious Dimples
PIA05718
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title Curious Dimples
Original Caption Released with Image This image from the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's navigation camera was taken on the rover's 71st sol on the red planet. On the previous sol, the rover drove beside a sinuous trough in the plains of Meridiani Planum to get a closer look at its curious dimples. The rover then approached the pictured trough area referred to as "Anatolia." From a distance, the rocks here resemble those in the "Eagle Crater" outcrop. These rocks will be imaged in greater detail with the rover's cameras.
Belly Dancing on Mars
PIA05064
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title Belly Dancing on Mars
Original Caption Released with Image This image shows a screenshot from the software used by engineers to drive the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit. The software simulates the rover's movements across the martian terrain, helping to plot a safe course for the rover. The virtual 3-D world around the rover is built from images taken by Spirit's stereo navigation cameras. Regions for which the rover has not yet acquired 3-D data are represented in beige. The red dart to the left shows a target destination for the rover. Red lines indicate the path the rover's wheels will follow to reach the target, and the blue line denotes the path of the rover's "belly button," as engineers like to call it.
Virtual Rover Drives Toward …
PIA05101
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title Virtual Rover Drives Toward Rock
Original Caption Released with Image This image shows a screenshot from the software used by engineers to test and drive the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit. The software simulates the rover's movements across the martian terrain, helping to plot a safe course. Here, engineers simulated Spirit's first post-egress drive on Mars Sunday. The 3-meter (10-foot) drive totaled approximately 30 minutes, including time to stop and take images. The rover drove toward its first rock target, a mountain-shaped rock called Adirondack. The blue line denotes the path of the rover's "belly button," as engineers like to call it, as the rover drove toward Adirondack. The virtual 3-D world around the rover was built from images taken by Spirit's stereo navigation cameras. Regions for which the rover has not yet acquired 3-D data are represented in beige.
Pointing at 'Puffin'
PIA06832
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title Pointing at 'Puffin'
Original Caption Released with Image The intriguing dunes at the bottom of "Endurance Crater" presented a tantalizing target for the science team for NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity. After analyzing the soil near and around the dunes, however, the rover engineering team decided that it was too risky to send Opportunity any closer. The terrain between the rover and the dune tendril did not present clear evidence of rocky plates to give the rover sufficient traction. A finger-like dune tendril pictured here (left) is, essentially, pointing to the rover's current area of investigation. Opportunity rolled over the foreground rock, called "Puffin." During the past several sols the rover has been examining its new neighborhood, an area that includes the rocks "Ellesmere" and "Escher" (not pictured) and the soil targets "Shag" and "Auk" (also not pictured). Experiencing significant slippage, the rover did some unintended trenching and left deep tracks in this area. This view is a mosaic of two images taken by the rover's navigation camera on Opportunity's 206th sol on Mars (August 22, 2004) and presented in a perspective projection. Figure 1 is a cylindrical-perspective projection and Figure 2 is a cylindrical perspective.
Pointing at 'Puffin'
PIA06832
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title Pointing at 'Puffin'
Original Caption Released with Image The intriguing dunes at the bottom of "Endurance Crater" presented a tantalizing target for the science team for NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity. After analyzing the soil near and around the dunes, however, the rover engineering team decided that it was too risky to send Opportunity any closer. The terrain between the rover and the dune tendril did not present clear evidence of rocky plates to give the rover sufficient traction. A finger-like dune tendril pictured here (left) is, essentially, pointing to the rover's current area of investigation. Opportunity rolled over the foreground rock, called "Puffin." During the past several sols the rover has been examining its new neighborhood, an area that includes the rocks "Ellesmere" and "Escher" (not pictured) and the soil targets "Shag" and "Auk" (also not pictured). Experiencing significant slippage, the rover did some unintended trenching and left deep tracks in this area. This view is a mosaic of two images taken by the rover's navigation camera on Opportunity's 206th sol on Mars (August 22, 2004) and presented in a perspective projection. Figure 1 is a cylindrical-perspective projection and Figure 2 is a cylindrical perspective.
Pointing at 'Puffin'
PIA06832
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title Pointing at 'Puffin'
Original Caption Released with Image The intriguing dunes at the bottom of "Endurance Crater" presented a tantalizing target for the science team for NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity. After analyzing the soil near and around the dunes, however, the rover engineering team decided that it was too risky to send Opportunity any closer. The terrain between the rover and the dune tendril did not present clear evidence of rocky plates to give the rover sufficient traction. A finger-like dune tendril pictured here (left) is, essentially, pointing to the rover's current area of investigation. Opportunity rolled over the foreground rock, called "Puffin." During the past several sols the rover has been examining its new neighborhood, an area that includes the rocks "Ellesmere" and "Escher" (not pictured) and the soil targets "Shag" and "Auk" (also not pictured). Experiencing significant slippage, the rover did some unintended trenching and left deep tracks in this area. This view is a mosaic of two images taken by the rover's navigation camera on Opportunity's 206th sol on Mars (August 22, 2004) and presented in a perspective projection. Figure 1 is a cylindrical-perspective projection and Figure 2 is a cylindrical perspective.
Spirit on "Husband Hill," wi …
PIA03255
Sol (our sun)
Mars Orbiter Camera
Title Spirit on "Husband Hill," with 2004 Comparison
Original Caption Released with Image Two Earth years ago, NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit touched down in Gusev Crater. The rover marked its first Mars-year (687 Earth days) anniversary in November 2005. On Nov. 2, 2005, shortly before Spirit's Martian anniversary, the Mars Orbiter Camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor acquired an image centered on the rover's location in the "Columbia Hills." The location of Spirit on that date is circled on the image on the right. On the left, for comparison, is an image from Jan. 10, 2004, when few dreamed that the Spirit would ever reach the hills from its landing site about three kilometers (two miles) away. The newer image has a resolution of about 50 centimeters (1.6 feet) per pixel. North is up, illumination is from the left. The location is near 14.8 degrees south latitude, 184.6 degrees west longitude. Dr. Timothy J. Parker of the Mars Exploration Rover team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., confirmed the location of the rover in the 2005 image. The scale bar is 50 meters (164 feet).
MRPS #81088 (Sol 5) Sojourne …
The image was taken by the I …
7/8/97
Date 7/8/97
Description The image was taken by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) on Sol 4. The rover Sojourner has traveled to an area of soil and several rocks. Its tracks are clearly visible in the soft soil seen in the foreground, and were made in part by the rover's material abrasion experiment. Scientists were able to control the force of the rover's cleated wheels to help determine the physical properties of the soil. In this image, Sojourner is using its Alpha Proton X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) instrument to study an area of soil. Sunlight is striking the area from the left, creating shadows under Sojourner and at the right of local rocks. The large rock Yogi can be seen at upper right. Mars Pathfinder is the second in NASA's Discovery program of low- cost spacecraft with highly focused science goals. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, developed and manages the Mars Pathfinder mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL is an operating division of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). The Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) was developed by the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory under contract to JPL. Peter Smith is the Principal Investigator. #####
Photo Op
title Photo Op
date 01.25.2004
description This image is one of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's first breathtaking views of the martian landscape after its successful landing at Meridiani Planum on Mars. On the left, the rover's mast can be seen in a stowed position. Opportunity landed Saturday, Jan. 24, 2004 at about 9:05 PST. The image was taken by the rover's navigation camera. *Image Credit*: NASA/JPL
Sojourner Rover View of Path …
PIA01121
Sol (our sun)
Rover Cameras
Title Sojourner Rover View of Pathfinder Lander
Original Caption Released with Image Image of Pathfinder Lander on Mars taken from Sojourner Rover left front camera on sol 33. The IMP (on the lattice mast) is looking at the rover. Airbags are prominent, and the meteorology mast is shown to the right. Lowermost rock is Ender, with Hassock behind it and Yogi on the other side of the lander. NOTE: original caption as published in Science Magazine
Rovers and Sojourner
PIA04422
Title Rovers and Sojourner
Original Caption Released with Image The twin rovers of the Mars Exploration Rover Mission pose with their groundbreaking predecessor, the flight spare of the Sojourner rover from NASA's 1997 Pathfinder mission.
19) Communications Relay for …
title 19) Communications Relay for Mars Landers and Rovers:
Description 2001 Mars Odyssey is part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program, a long-term effort of robotic exploration of the red planet in which missions and their respective scientific discoveries and technological capabilities are highly coordinated. To support other missions, Odyssey's UHF antenna will be used for communications between Odyssey and future Mars landers, such as two Mars Exploration Rovers planned for launch in 2003With far greater mobility than the 1997 Mars Pathfinder rover, these robotic explorers will be able to trek up to 100 meters (about 110 yards) across the surface each Martian day.
Challenger Memorial Station, …
PIA05165
Sol (our sun)
Descent Image Motion Estimat …
Title Challenger Memorial Station, Meridiani Planum, Mars
Original Caption Released with Image A composite image reveals the local region surrounding the Challenger Memorial Station [ http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA05150 ]. The image is actually an amalgamation of a Mars Global Surveyor's Mars Orbiter Camera image and the third and final picture taken by Opportunity's DIMES camera ( Descent Image Motion Estimation System) during descent. The location of the site is a 20-meter (65.6 foot) wide, 2-meter (6.6 foot) deep crater somewhere in this composite image. The final crew of the space shuttle Challenger was lost when the shuttle suffered an in-flight breakup during launch on Jan. 28, 1986. Figure 1"Opportunity's Turf" April 8, 2004 This map highlights the past and future stomping grounds of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity. "Eagle Crater" is the small crater where the rover landed over two months ago. "Anatolia," named after the Anatolian fault system in Turkey, is the trough the rover is currently investigating. "Endurance" is the large crater the rover will travel toward in coming sols. The underlying image was taken by the camera onboard the Mars Global Surveyor orbiter.
Challenger Memorial Station, …
PIA05165
Sol (our sun)
Descent Image Motion Estimat …
Title Challenger Memorial Station, Meridiani Planum, Mars
Original Caption Released with Image A composite image reveals the local region surrounding the Challenger Memorial Station [ http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA05150 ]. The image is actually an amalgamation of a Mars Global Surveyor's Mars Orbiter Camera image and the third and final picture taken by Opportunity's DIMES camera ( Descent Image Motion Estimation System) during descent. The location of the site is a 20-meter (65.6 foot) wide, 2-meter (6.6 foot) deep crater somewhere in this composite image. The final crew of the space shuttle Challenger was lost when the shuttle suffered an in-flight breakup during launch on Jan. 28, 1986. Figure 1"Opportunity's Turf" April 8, 2004 This map highlights the past and future stomping grounds of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity. "Eagle Crater" is the small crater where the rover landed over two months ago. "Anatolia," named after the Anatolian fault system in Turkey, is the trough the rover is currently investigating. "Endurance" is the large crater the rover will travel toward in coming sols. The underlying image was taken by the camera onboard the Mars Global Surveyor orbiter.
Airbags and Sojourner Rover
PIA00614
Sol (our sun)
Imager for Mars Pathfinder
Title Airbags and Sojourner Rover
Original Caption Released with Image This image from the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) camera shows the rear part of the Sojourner rover, the rolled-up rear ramp, and portions of the partially deflated airbags. The Alpha Proton X-ray Spectrometer instrument is protruding from the rear (right side) of the rover. The airbags behind the rover are presently blocking the ramp from being safely unfurled. The ramps are a pair of deployable metal reels that will provide a track for the rover as it slowly rolls off the lander, and onto the surface of Mars, once Pathfinder scientists determine it is safe to do so. Mars Pathfinder is the second in NASA's Discovery program of low-cost spacecraft with highly focused science goals. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, developed and manages the Mars Pathfinder mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL is an operating division of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). The Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) was developed by the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory under contract to JPL. Peter Smith is the Principal Investigator.
Wheel Tracks from Landing Si …
PIA07192
Sol (our sun)
Mars Orbiter Camera
Title Wheel Tracks from Landing Site to Hills
Original Caption Released with Image The three-frame set in figure 2 is a segmented version of the orbital view of the NASA rover Spirit's trail from the rover's landing site to the "Columbia Hills." The images were taken by the Mars Orbiter Camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. North is up. The location of Spirit's lander, parachute, and backshell are indicated in frame A, and the rover track down toward the Columbia Hills can be traced through A, B, and C. In frame A, "Bonneville Crater" is the largest crater. Spirit drove up to Bonneville's rim and looked inside before driving away toward the southeast. The base of the Columbia Hills is seen in the lower right quarter of frame C. In frame B, notice that the rover track followed along the edge of a lighter-toned streak and wider dark streak, believed to have been formed by a dust devil before Spirit landed. The proximity of the rover to this streak was not recognized in rover images., Wheel tracks left by the NASA rover Spirit's 3-kilometer (2-mile) trek from its landing site to the "Columbia Hills" are visible in this orbital view from the Mars Orbiter Camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. Spirit's rover track shows up nicely from orbit because the surfaces disrupted and churned by the wheels are darker than the surrounding, dust-coated plain. North is up. The largest crater in the view, dubbed "Bonneville Crater," is about 210 meters (230 yards) in diameter. The picture is a composite of Mars Orbiter Camera image R15-02643, taken on March 30, 2004, when Spirit was near the south rim of Bonneville Crater, and image R20-01024, taken Aug. 18, 2004, when Spirit was climbing the hills' western spur, seen in the picture's bottom right corner. "New Dark Streak Near Spirit" In figure 1, frames taken from orbit 20 weeks apart (top pair) and by the NASA rover Spirit at ground level (bottom) show the formation of a new dark streak on the ground in the area where Spirit was driving inside Mars' Gusev Crater in April 2004. The new dark streak and other dark streaks in the area are believed to result from dust devils removing brighter dust from the surface. The upper frames were taken by the Mars Orbiter Camera aboard NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. They are from the same pair of images combined to create the orbital view of the NASA rover Spirit's trail from the rover's landing site to the "Columbia Hills." The orbiter took the upper-left picture on March 30, 2004 (Spirit's 85th martian day, or sol). It took the upper-right picture on Aug. 18, 2004 (Spirit's sol 223). A dark streak occurs in the larger crater in the lower right quarter of the August image. This streak was not present when the March image was obtained. Inspection of the lower image, which was taken by Spirit's navigation camera when the rover was at the rim of this crater on sol 106 (April 20, 2004), reveals that the streak was present by then. Thus, the dust devil must have occurred some time between March 30 and April 20. The dust devil was not observed by the rover. In addition to the formation of this dark streak, another change seems to have occurred at the landing site. The rover track between the lander and Bonneville Crater seems to have faded between March 30 and Aug. 18. This could be an artifact of the different sunlight illumination conditions between the two images, or it may indicate that fine dust settled on the older portions of the track, obscuring it. The Mars Orbiter Camera team plans to re-visit the Spirit lander site from time to time to see what other changes may occur. "Orbital View of Spirit's Neighborhood"
Wheel Tracks from Landing Si …
PIA07192
Sol (our sun)
Mars Orbiter Camera
Title Wheel Tracks from Landing Site to Hills
Original Caption Released with Image The three-frame set in figure 2 is a segmented version of the orbital view of the NASA rover Spirit's trail from the rover's landing site to the "Columbia Hills." The images were taken by the Mars Orbiter Camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. North is up. The location of Spirit's lander, parachute, and backshell are indicated in frame A, and the rover track down toward the Columbia Hills can be traced through A, B, and C. In frame A, "Bonneville Crater" is the largest crater. Spirit drove up to Bonneville's rim and looked inside before driving away toward the southeast. The base of the Columbia Hills is seen in the lower right quarter of frame C. In frame B, notice that the rover track followed along the edge of a lighter-toned streak and wider dark streak, believed to have been formed by a dust devil before Spirit landed. The proximity of the rover to this streak was not recognized in rover images., Wheel tracks left by the NASA rover Spirit's 3-kilometer (2-mile) trek from its landing site to the "Columbia Hills" are visible in this orbital view from the Mars Orbiter Camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. Spirit's rover track shows up nicely from orbit because the surfaces disrupted and churned by the wheels are darker than the surrounding, dust-coated plain. North is up. The largest crater in the view, dubbed "Bonneville Crater," is about 210 meters (230 yards) in diameter. The picture is a composite of Mars Orbiter Camera image R15-02643, taken on March 30, 2004, when Spirit was near the south rim of Bonneville Crater, and image R20-01024, taken Aug. 18, 2004, when Spirit was climbing the hills' western spur, seen in the picture's bottom right corner. "New Dark Streak Near Spirit" In figure 1, frames taken from orbit 20 weeks apart (top pair) and by the NASA rover Spirit at ground level (bottom) show the formation of a new dark streak on the ground in the area where Spirit was driving inside Mars' Gusev Crater in April 2004. The new dark streak and other dark streaks in the area are believed to result from dust devils removing brighter dust from the surface. The upper frames were taken by the Mars Orbiter Camera aboard NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. They are from the same pair of images combined to create the orbital view of the NASA rover Spirit's trail from the rover's landing site to the "Columbia Hills." The orbiter took the upper-left picture on March 30, 2004 (Spirit's 85th martian day, or sol). It took the upper-right picture on Aug. 18, 2004 (Spirit's sol 223). A dark streak occurs in the larger crater in the lower right quarter of the August image. This streak was not present when the March image was obtained. Inspection of the lower image, which was taken by Spirit's navigation camera when the rover was at the rim of this crater on sol 106 (April 20, 2004), reveals that the streak was present by then. Thus, the dust devil must have occurred some time between March 30 and April 20. The dust devil was not observed by the rover. In addition to the formation of this dark streak, another change seems to have occurred at the landing site. The rover track between the lander and Bonneville Crater seems to have faded between March 30 and Aug. 18. This could be an artifact of the different sunlight illumination conditions between the two images, or it may indicate that fine dust settled on the older portions of the track, obscuring it. The Mars Orbiter Camera team plans to re-visit the Spirit lander site from time to time to see what other changes may occur. "Orbital View of Spirit's Neighborhood"
Wheel Tracks from Landing Si …
PIA07192
Sol (our sun)
Mars Orbiter Camera
Title Wheel Tracks from Landing Site to Hills
Original Caption Released with Image The three-frame set in figure 2 is a segmented version of the orbital view of the NASA rover Spirit's trail from the rover's landing site to the "Columbia Hills." The images were taken by the Mars Orbiter Camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. North is up. The location of Spirit's lander, parachute, and backshell are indicated in frame A, and the rover track down toward the Columbia Hills can be traced through A, B, and C. In frame A, "Bonneville Crater" is the largest crater. Spirit drove up to Bonneville's rim and looked inside before driving away toward the southeast. The base of the Columbia Hills is seen in the lower right quarter of frame C. In frame B, notice that the rover track followed along the edge of a lighter-toned streak and wider dark streak, believed to have been formed by a dust devil before Spirit landed. The proximity of the rover to this streak was not recognized in rover images., Wheel tracks left by the NASA rover Spirit's 3-kilometer (2-mile) trek from its landing site to the "Columbia Hills" are visible in this orbital view from the Mars Orbiter Camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. Spirit's rover track shows up nicely from orbit because the surfaces disrupted and churned by the wheels are darker than the surrounding, dust-coated plain. North is up. The largest crater in the view, dubbed "Bonneville Crater," is about 210 meters (230 yards) in diameter. The picture is a composite of Mars Orbiter Camera image R15-02643, taken on March 30, 2004, when Spirit was near the south rim of Bonneville Crater, and image R20-01024, taken Aug. 18, 2004, when Spirit was climbing the hills' western spur, seen in the picture's bottom right corner. "New Dark Streak Near Spirit" In figure 1, frames taken from orbit 20 weeks apart (top pair) and by the NASA rover Spirit at ground level (bottom) show the formation of a new dark streak on the ground in the area where Spirit was driving inside Mars' Gusev Crater in April 2004. The new dark streak and other dark streaks in the area are believed to result from dust devils removing brighter dust from the surface. The upper frames were taken by the Mars Orbiter Camera aboard NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. They are from the same pair of images combined to create the orbital view of the NASA rover Spirit's trail from the rover's landing site to the "Columbia Hills." The orbiter took the upper-left picture on March 30, 2004 (Spirit's 85th martian day, or sol). It took the upper-right picture on Aug. 18, 2004 (Spirit's sol 223). A dark streak occurs in the larger crater in the lower right quarter of the August image. This streak was not present when the March image was obtained. Inspection of the lower image, which was taken by Spirit's navigation camera when the rover was at the rim of this crater on sol 106 (April 20, 2004), reveals that the streak was present by then. Thus, the dust devil must have occurred some time between March 30 and April 20. The dust devil was not observed by the rover. In addition to the formation of this dark streak, another change seems to have occurred at the landing site. The rover track between the lander and Bonneville Crater seems to have faded between March 30 and Aug. 18. This could be an artifact of the different sunlight illumination conditions between the two images, or it may indicate that fine dust settled on the older portions of the track, obscuring it. The Mars Orbiter Camera team plans to re-visit the Spirit lander site from time to time to see what other changes may occur. "Orbital View of Spirit's Neighborhood"
Heading Toward 'Von Braun' M …
NASA's Mars Exploration Rove …
5/27/09
Description NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit used its navigation camera to capture this view of the terrain toward the southeast from the location Spirit reached...
Date 5/27/09
Spirit's Express Route to 'C …
PIA05834
Sol (our sun)
Mars Orbiter Camera, Thermal …
Title Spirit's Express Route to 'Columbia Hills'
Original Caption Released with Image This map illustrates the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit's position as of sol 112 (April 26, 2004), near the crater called "Missoula." Like a train on a tight schedule, Spirit will make regular stops along the way to its ultimate destination, the "Columbia Hills." At each stop, or "station," the rover will briefly analyze the area's rocks and soils. Each tick mark on the rover's route represents one sol's worth of travel, or about 60 to 70 meters (200 to 230 feet). Rover planners estimate that Spirit will reach the hills around mid-June. Presently, the rover is stopped at a site called "Plains Station." The color thermal data show how well different surface features hold onto heat. Red indicates warmth, blue indicates coolness. Areas with higher temperatures are more likely to be rocky, as rocks absorb heat. Lower temperatures denote small particles and fewer rocks. During its traverse, Spirit will document the causes of these temperature variations. The map comprises data from the camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor orbiter and the thermal emission imaging system on NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter.
Air Bag Installation
PIA04852
Title Air Bag Installation
Original Caption Released with Image May 10, 2003Prelaunch at Kennedy Space Center On Mars Exploration Rover 1 (MER-1) , air bags are installed on the lander. The airbags will inflate to cushion the landing of the spacecraft on the surface of Mars. When it stops bouncing and rolling, the airbags will deflate and retract, the petals will open to bring the lander to an upright position, and the rover will be exposed. NASA's twin Mars Exploration Rovers are designed to study the history of water on Mars. These robotic geologists are equipped with a robotic arm, a drilling tool, three spectrometers, and four pairs of cameras that allow them to have a human-like, 3D view of the terrain. Each rover could travel as far as 100 meters in one day to act as Mars scientists' eyes and hands, exploring an environment where humans can't yet go. MER-1 is scheduled to launch June 25 as MER-B aboard a Delta II rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
New Look at "Endurance" via …
PIA06758
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title New Look at "Endurance" via Mars Express
Original Caption Released with Image This view of the interior slope and rim of "Endurance Crater" comes from the navigation camera on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity with an assist from the European Space Agency's Mars Express orbiter. Opportunity took the three frames that make up this image on the rover's 188th martian day (Aug. 4, 2004), before transmitting this and other data to Mars Express. The orbiter then relayed the data to Earth. Rover wheel tracks are visible in the foreground.
Mars Exploration Rover
title Mars Exploration Rover
date 12.15.2003
description An artist's concept portrays a NASA Mars Exploration Rover on the surface of Mars. Two rovers, Spirit and Opportunitylanded on Mars in January 2004. Each has the mobility and toolkit to function as a robotic geologist. *Image Credit*: NASA/JPL/Cornell University/Maas Digital
MRPS #81009 (Sol 4) Yogi the …
Yogi, a rock taller than rov …
7/7/97
Date 7/7/97
Description Yogi, a rock taller than rover Sojourner, is the subject of this image, taken by the deployed Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) on Sol 3. The soil in the foreground will be the location of multiple soil mechanics experiments performed by Sojourner's cleated wheels. Pathfinder scientists will be able to control the force inflicted on the soil beneath the rover's wheels, giving them insight into the soil's mechanical properties. The image was taken by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) after its deployment on Sol 3. Mars Pathfinder was developed and managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. JPL is an operating division of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). The IMP was developed by the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory under contract to JPL. Peter Smith is the Principal Investigator.
Patches of Hematite
PIA05549
Sol (our sun)
Miniature Thermal Emission S …
Title Patches of Hematite
Original Caption Released with Image These maps, acquired from the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity prior to the rover's roll-off, are shown along with data collected at the five locations the rover visited along the Meridiani Planum rock outcrop (dubbed "Alpha,""Bravo,""Charlie," Delta," and "Echo"). The data, collected by the rover's miniature thermal emission spectrometer, has been superimposed on images taken by the navigation camera. The areas investigated are different sizes because of the differing distances from the rover. The bright red region behind the rover has one of the highest hematite concentrations observed in the crater. The areas on the floor of the crater and in the outcrop that the rover has been sampling have much lower hematite concentrations than those found on the surrounding plains. Data from the miniature thermal emission spectrometer show that the floor of the crater is covered with basaltic sand.
Grooving in Trenchtown
PIA05323
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Grooving in Trenchtown
Original Caption Released with Image This animation shows the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's arm exploring the trench the rover dug with one of its wheels. The arm, or instrument deployment device, holds a suite of scientific instruments designed to examine rocks and soil for signs of past water on Mars. The movie was made from images taken by the rover's hazard-avoidance camera.
Mind of Its Own
PIA05268
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Mind of Its Own
Original Caption Released with Image This animation shows the path the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit traveled during its 24-meter (78.7-foot) autonomous drive across the bumpy terrain at Gusev Crater, Mars, on the 39th day, or sol, of its mission. The colored data are from the rover's hazard-avoidance camera and have been reconstructed to show the topography of the land. Red areas indicate extremely hazardous terrain, and green patches denote safe, smooth ground. At the end of its drive, Spirit decided it was safer to back up then go forward. The rover is now positioned directly in front of its target, a rock dubbed Stone Council.
Peeling Back the Layers of M …
PIA05306
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Peeling Back the Layers of Mars
Original Caption Released with Image This is a 3-D model of the trench excavated by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity on the 23rd day, or sol, of its mission. An oblique view of the trench from a bit above and to the right of the rover's right wheel is shown. The model was generated from images acquired by the rover's front hazard-avoidance cameras.
Rear View of Opportunity's D …
PIA05214
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Rear View of Opportunity's Drive
Original Caption Released with Image This animation shows the rear view from the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity as it drives north away from the lander and towards the eastern edge of the rock outcropping near its landing site at Meridiani Planum, Mars. The movie strings together images taken over the past six martian days, or sols, of its journey, beginning with a 1 meter (3 feet) stroll away from the lander on sol 7. On the 12th sol, Opportunity drove another 3 1/2 meters (11 feet), and then, one sol later, another 1 1/2 meters (5 feet). On its way, the rover twisted and turned in a test of its driving capabilities. This movie is made-up of fish-eye images taken by the rover's rear hazard-identification camera.
Forging Ahead
PIA05215
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Forging Ahead
Original Caption Released with Image This animation shows the front view from the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity as it drives north towards the eastern edge of the rock outcropping near its landing site at Meridiani Planum, Mars. The movie strings together images taken over the past six martian days, or sols, of its journey, beginning with a 1 meter (3 feet) stroll away from the lander on sol 7. On the 12th sol, Opportunity drove another 3 1/2 meters (11 feet), and then, one sol later, another 1 1/2 meters (5 feet). On its way, the rover twisted and turned in a test of its driving capabilities. This movie is made up of fish-eye images taken by the rover's front hazard-identification camera.
Forging Ahead (linearized)
PIA05211
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera
Title Forging Ahead (linearized)
Original Caption Released with Image This animation shows the front view from the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity as it drives north towards the eastern edge of the rock outcropping near its landing site at Meridiani Planum, Mars. The movie strings together images taken over the past six martian days, or sols, of its journey, beginning with a 1 meter (3 feet) stroll away from the lander on sol 7. On the 12th sol, Opportunity drove another 3 1/2 meters (11 feet), and then, one sol later, another 1 1/2 meters (5 feet). On its way, the rover twisted and turned in a test of its driving capabilities. This movie is made up of images taken by the rover's front hazard-identification camera, which were corrected for fish-eye distortion.
90 Sols in 90 Seconds
PIA05724
Sol (our sun)
Hazard Identification Camera …
Title 90 Sols in 90 Seconds
Original Caption Released with Image In 90 martian days, NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit has performed a remarkable series of drives, digs and scientific investigations at Gusev Crater, Mars. This video documents many of the rover's accomplishments by stringing together images taken throughout the mission by the rover's front hazard-avoidance camera and microscopic imager instrument.
Six Wheels on Mars
title Six Wheels on Mars
date 01.15.2004
description This image from the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit's rear hazard identification camera shows the rover's hind view of the lander platform, its nest for the past 12 sols, or martian days. The rover is approximately 1 meter (3 feet) in front of the airbag-cushioned lander, facing northwest. Note the tracks left in the martian soil by the rovers' wheels, all six of which have rolled off the lander. This is the first time the rover has touched martian soil. *Image Credit*: NASA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Spirit Reaches Out
title Spirit Reaches Out
date 01.16.2004
description This animation, composed of four images taken by the front hazard-identification camera on the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit, shows the rover stretching out its robotic arm, or instrument deployment device. This is the first use of the arm on Mars to deploy the microscopic imager, one of four geological instruments located on the arm. The first frame shows a clear view of the martian surface in front of the rover before the arm was successfully deployed early Friday morning. The subsequent frames show the arm emerging from its stowed position beneath the "front porch" of the rover body, reaching out, and using the microscopic imager to take close-up images of the martian soil. *Image Credit*: NASA/JPL/US Geological Survey
Over the Rover
PIA05151
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title Over the Rover
Original Caption Released with Image This image from the navigation camera on the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has been projected to show an overhead perspective of the rover. This image was taken shortly after the rover touched down at Meridiani Planum, Mars, at approximately 9:05 p.m. PST on Saturday, Jan. 24.
A Well-Traveled 'Eagle Crate …
PIA05633
Sol (our sun)
Navigation Camera
Title A Well-Traveled 'Eagle Crater'
Original Caption Released with Image This is the 3-D version of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's view on its 56th sol on Mars, before it left "Eagle Crater." To the right, the rover tracks are visible at the original spot where the rover attempted unsuccessfully to exit the crater. After a one-sol delay, Opportunity took another route to the plains of Meridiani Planum. This image was taken by the rover's navigation camera.
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