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Skylab -- February 1974
Scientist-astronaut Edward G. Gibson has just exited the Skylab e …
7/16/08
Description Scientist-astronaut Edward G. Gibson has just exited the Skylab extravehicular activity hatchway. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander, took this picture during the final Skylab spacewalk that took place on Feb. 3, 1974. Carr was above on the Apollo Telescope Mount when he shot this frame of Gibson. Note Carr's umbilical/tether line extending from inside the space station up toward the camera. Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot, remained inside the space station during the spacewalk by Carr and Gibson.
Date 7/16/08
Skylab -- May 1973
Two members of the prime crew of the first manned Skylab mission …
7/16/08
Description Two members of the prime crew of the first manned Skylab mission assist each other in suiting up in Building 5 at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston during a pre-launch training activity. They are scientist-astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin (left), science pilot, and astronaut Paul J. Weitz, pilot. The third member of the crew was astronaut Charles "Pete" Conrad Jr., commander.
Date 7/16/08
Skylab -- August 1973
On a spacewalk, astronaut Owen K. Garriott, science pilot, retrie …
7/16/08
Description On a spacewalk, astronaut Owen K. Garriott, science pilot, retrieves an imagery experiment from the Apollo Telescope Mount attached to the Skylab in Earth orbit.
Date 7/16/08
Skylab -- August 1973
Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, participates in the Aug …
7/16/08
Description Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, participates in the Aug. 6, 1973 spacewalk. He and astronaut Owen K. Garriott, science pilot, deployed the twin-pole solar shield to help shade the Orbital Workshop. Note the striking reflection of Earth in Lousma's helmet visor.
Date 7/16/08
Skylab Over Earth
Title Skylab Over Earth
Explanation Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/skylab.html ] was an orbiting laboratory launched by a Saturn V rocket [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950829.html ] in May 1973. Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/images/skylab_images.html ] was visited three times by NASA astronauts who sometimes stayed as long as two and a half months. Many scientific tests were performed on Skylab [ http://www.ssl.msfc.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/skylab.htm ], including astronomical observations in ultraviolet [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#uv ] and X-ray [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#X-ray ] light. Some of these observations yielded valuable information about Comet Kohoutek [ http://www.exploratorium.edu/exploring/space/kohoutek.html ], our Sun [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap960916.html ] and about the mysterious X-ray background [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap000114.html ] - radiation that comes from all over the sky. Skylab [ http://www.xmission.com/~skylab/skylab.html ] fell back to earth on 11 July 1979.
Skylab -- August 1973
Astronaut Alan L. Bean, Skylab 3 commander, flies the M509 Astron …
7/16/08
Description Astronaut Alan L. Bean, Skylab 3 commander, flies the M509 Astronaut Maneuvering Equipment in the forward dome area of the Orbital Workshop on the space station cluster in Earth orbit. Bean is strapped into the back-mounted, hand-controlled Automatically Stabilized Maneuvering Unit, or ASMU. He is wearing a pressure suit for this run of the M509 experiment, but other ASMU tests are done in shirt sleeves. The dome area where the experiment is conducted is about 22 feet in diameter and 19 feet from top to bottom.
Date 7/16/08
Skylab Concept by George Mueller
Title Skylab Concept by George Mueller
Full Description This is a sketch of Skylab, as drawn by George E. Mueller, NASA associate administrator for Manned Space Flight. This concept drawing was created at a meeting at the Marshall Space Flight Center on August 19, 1966. The image details the station's major elements. In 1970, the station became known as Skylab. Three manned Skylab missions (Skylab 2 in May 1973, Skylab 3 in July 1973, and Skylab 4 in November 1973) were flown on which experiments were conducted in:space science, earth resources, life sciences, space technology, and student projects.
Date 08/19/1966
NASA Center Marshall Space Flight Center
Skylab Prime Astronaut Crews
Name of Image Skylab Prime Astronaut Crews
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This photograph is a montage of astronaut crews for the three Skylab missions with simple biographical data of each astronaut. The 1st mission was designated as Skylab-2, 2nd mission as Skylab-3, and 3rd mission as Skylab-4. The Skylab-1 mission placed the Skylab Orbital Work Shop in orbit by a modified Saturn V launch vehicle. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit and performed a variety of more than 100 experiments.
Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount moc …
Title Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up
Description The three members of the prime crew of the third of three scheduled manned Skylab missions (Skylab 4) go through Skylab preflight training in the Mission Training and Simulation Facility at JSC. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr (on right), Skylab 4 commander, is seated at a simulator which represents the control and display console of the Apollo Telescope Mount which is located in the space station's Multiple Docking Adapter. Seated on the left is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot. In the left background is Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot.
Date 02.01.1973
Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount moc …
Title Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up
Description The three members of the prime crew of the third of three scheduled manned Skylab missions (Skylab 4) go through Skylab preflight training in the Mission Training and Simulation Facility at JSC. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr (on right), Skylab 4 commander, is seated at a simulator which represents the control and display console of the Apollo Telescope Mount which is located in the space station's Multiple Docking Adapter. Seated on the left is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot. In the left background is Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot.
Date 02.01.1973
Apollo17 - On the Shoulders of_Giants
APOLLO 17: ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS JSC 603 - (1973) - 28 1/2 M …
1973
Description APOLLO 17: ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS JSC 603 - (1973) - 28 1/2 Minutes Astronauts: Eugene A. Cernan, Ronald E. Evans, and Harrison H. Schmitt Launch date: December 7, 1972 A documentary view of the Apollo 17 journey to Taurus-Littrow, the final lunar landing mission in the Apollo Program. The film depicts the highlights of the mission and relates the Apollo Program to Skylab, the Apollo-Soyuz linkup, and the Space Shuttle. AWARDS: Chris Bronze Plaque Award, 21st Annual Columbus Film Festival, 1983 * Trophy of the Italian Department of Defense * 1st International Review of Cinema and TV Films on Flight, Milan, Italy, 1974 * Special Prize, 11th International Review of Technical, Scientific, and Educational Films, Pardubice, Czechoslovakia, 1973
Date 1973
Skylab 3 Close-Up
Title Skylab 3 Close-Up
Full Description A closeup view of the Skylab space station photographed against an Earth background from the Skylab 3 Command/Service Module during station keeping maneuvers prior to docking. The Ilba Grande de Gurupa area of the Amazon River Vally of Brazil can be seen below. Aboard the command module were astronauts Alan L. Bean, Owen K. Garriott, and Jack R. Lousma, who remained with the Skylab space station in Earth's orbit for 59 days. This picture was taken with a hand-held 70mm Hasselblad camera using a 100mm lens and SO-368 medium speed Ektachrome film. Note the one solar array system wing on the Orbital Workshop (OWS) which was successfully deployed during axtravehicular activity (EVA) on the first manned Skylab flight. The parasol solar shield which was deployed by the Skylab 2 crew can be seen through the support struts of the Apollo Telescope Mount.
Date 07/28/1973
NASA Center Headquarters
Dummy left behind by Skylab 3 crew for the Skylab 4 crew
Title Dummy left behind by Skylab 3 crew for the Skylab 4 crew
Description This photograph is an illustration of the humorous side of the Skylab 3 crew. This dummy was left behind in the Skylab space station by the Skylab 3 crew to be found by the Skylab 4 crew. The dummy is dressed in a flight suit and placed in the Lower Body Negative Pressure Device. The name tag indicates that it represents Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander. In the background is a partial view of the dummy for William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot, propped upon the bicycle ergometer (1586), This dummy is dressed in a flight suit and propped upon the bicycle ergometer. The name tag indicates that it represents William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot (1587).
Date Taken 1973-08-16
Skylab Over Earth
Title Skylab Over Earth
Explanation Skylab [ http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/history/skylab/skylab.html ] was an orbiting laboratory launched by a Saturn V rocket [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950829.html ] in May 1973. Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/pretty_pictures_skylab.html ] was visited three times by NASA astronauts who sometimes stayed as long as two and a half months. Many scientific tests were preformed on Skylab, including astronomical observations in ultraviolet [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#uv ] and X-ray [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#X-ray ] light. Some of these observations yielded valuable information about Comet Kohoutek, our Sun [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950813.html ] and about the mysterious X-ray background - radiation that comes from all over the sky. Skylab fell back to earth on 11 July 1979. Tomorrow's picture: X-Raying the Moon
Skylab
Name of Image Skylab
Date of Image 1974-01-01
Full Description This image is an artist's concept of the Skylab in orbit with callouts of its major components. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
Skylab Illustration
Name of Image Skylab Illustration
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This artist's concept is a cutaway illustration of the Skylab with the Command/Service Module being docked to the Multiple Docking Adapter. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
General Characteristics of the Skylab
Name of Image General Characteristics of the Skylab
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This illustration shows general characteristics of the Skylab with callouts of its major components. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
Skylab Components in Launch Configuration
Name of Image Skylab Components in Launch Configuration
Date of Image 1969-01-01
Full Description This cutaway drawing illustrates major Skylab components in launch configuration on top of the Saturn V. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
Skylab Program Illustration
Name of Image Skylab Program Illustration
Date of Image 1971-01-01
Full Description This image illustrates major areas of emphasis of the Skylab Program. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
Skylab
Name of Image Skylab
Date of Image 1974-01-01
Full Description This image is an artist's concept of the Skylab in orbit. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
Skylab Model
Name of Image Skylab Model
Date of Image 1967-01-01
Full Description This photograph is of a model of the Skylab with the Command/Service Module being docked. In an early effort to extend the use of Apollo for further applications, NASA established the Apollo Applications Program (AAP) in August of 1965. The AAP was to include long duration Earth orbital missions during which astronauts would carry out scientific, technological, and engineering experiments in space by utilizing modified Saturn launch vehicles and the Apollo spacecraft. Established in 1970, the Skylab Program was the forerurner of the AAP. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
Dummy left behind by Skylab 3 crew for the Skylab 4 crew
Title Dummy left behind by Skylab 3 crew for the Skylab 4 crew
Description This photograph is an illustration of the humorous side of the Skylab 3 crew. This dummy was left behind in the Skylab space station by the Skylab 3 crew to be found by the Skylab 4 crew. The dummy is dressed in a flight suit and placed in the Lower Body Negative Pressure Device. The name tag indicates that it represents Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander. In the background is a partial view of the dummy for William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot, propped upon the bicycle ergometer (1586), This dummy is dressed in a flight suit and propped upon the bicycle ergometer. The name tag indicates that it represents William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot (1587).
Date Taken 1973-08-16
Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount moc …
Title Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up
Description The three members of the prime crew of the third of three scheduled manned Skylab missions (Skylab 4) go through Skylab preflight training in the Mission Training and Simulation Facility at JSC. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr (on right), Skylab 4 commander, is seated at a simulator which represents the control and display console of the Apollo Telescope Mount which is located in the space station's Multiple Docking Adapter. Seated on the left is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot. In the left background is Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot.
Date Taken 1973-02-01
Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Name of Image Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Date of Image 1974-01-01
Full Description This photograph was taken as the third crew (Skylab-4) departed the space station. The solar observatory was designed for full exposure to the Sun throughout most of the Skylab mission. Solar energy was transformed into electrical power for operation of all spacecraft systems. The proper operation of these solar arrays was vital to the mission. This Skylab in orbit view was taken by the Skylab-4 crew.
Assembling the Skylab Cluster
Name of Image Assembling the Skylab Cluster
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description Assembling activities of the Skylab cluster are shown in this photograph. The Orbital Workshop (OWS) was lowered for joining to aft skirt and placed over the thrust structure inside the assembly tower. The OWS provided living and working quarters for the Skylab crew and the thruster provided short-term attitude control of the Skylab. The Marshall Space Flight Center had responsibilities for the design and development of the Skylab hardware, and management of experiments.
Skylab Food Heating and Serving Tray
Name of Image Skylab Food Heating and Serving Tray
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description Shown here is the Skylab food heating and serving tray with food, drink, and utensils. The tray contained heating elements for preparing the individual food packets. The food on Skylab was a great improvement over that on earlier spaceflights. It was no longer necessary to squeeze liquified food from plastic tubes. Skylab's kitchen in the Orbital Workshop wardroom was so equipped that each crewman could select his own menu and prepare it to his own taste. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab Over Earth
Title Skylab Over Earth
Explanation Skylab [ http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/history/skylab/skylab.html ] was an orbiting laboratory launched by a Saturn V rocket [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950829.html ] in May 1973. Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/pretty_pictures_skylab.html ] was visited three times by NASA astronauts who sometimes stayed as long as two and a half months. Many scientific tests were performed on Skylab, including astronomical observations in ultraviolet [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#uv ] and X-ray [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#X-ray ] light. Some of these observations yielded valuable information about Comet Kohoutek, our Sun [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap950813.html ] and about the mysterious X-ray background - radiation that comes from all over the sky. Skylab fell back to earth on 11 July 1979.
Skylab Astronauts' Neutral Buoyancy Simulator Training
Name of Image Skylab Astronauts' Neutral Buoyancy Simulator Training
Date of Image 1970-11-18
Full Description After the end of the Apollo missions, NASA's next adventure into space was the marned spaceflight of Skylab. Using an S-IVB stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle, Skylab was a two-story orbiting laboratory, one floor being living quarters and the other a work room. The objectives of Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. At the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), astronauts and engineers spent hundreds of hours in an MSFC Neutral Buoyancy Simulator (NBS) rehearsing procedures to be used during the Skylab mission, developing techniques, and detecting and correcting potential problems. The NBS was a 40-foot deep water tank that simulated the weightlessness environment of space. This photograph shows astronaut Ed Gibbon (a prime crew member of the Skylab-4 mission) during the neutral buoyancy Skylab extravehicular activity training at the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) mockup. One of Skylab's major components, the ATM was the most powerful astronomical observatory ever put into orbit to date.
Skylab
Name of Image Skylab
Date of Image 1974-02-01
Full Description The idea that ultimately became Skylab first surfaced in 1962 as a proposal to convert a spent Saturn upper stage (Saturn V S-II stage) into an orbital workshop. In 1968, the Marshall Space Flight Center proposed an alternative to the wet workshop concept of refurbishing a space station in orbit. Instead, a fully equipped dry workshop could be launched as a complete unit ready for occupancy. Skylab became the free world's first space station. Launched in May 1973, the Skylab space station was occupied in succession by three teams of three crewmembers. These crews spent 28, 59, and 84 days respectively, orbiting the Earth and performing nearly 300 experiments. This view of Skylab in orbit was taken by the Skylab 4 (the last Skylab mission) crew.
View of Skylab 4 Command/Service module in docked configuration
Title View of Skylab 4 Command/Service module in docked configuration
Description View of the Skylab 4 Command/Service module in a docked configuration, docked with the Skylab space station in Earth orbit. This picture was taken by Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander, during the final Skylab extravehicular activity which took place on February 3, 1974.
Date Taken 1974-02-03
Emblem for the second manned Skylab mission, Skylab 3
Title Emblem for the second manned Skylab mission, Skylab 3
Description This is the emblem for the second manned Skylab mission. It will be a mission of up to 56 days. The patch symbolizes the main objectives of the flight. The central figure, adapted from one by Leonardo da Vinci, illustrates the proportions of the human form and suggests the many studies of man himself to be conducted in the zero-gravity environment of space. This drawing is superimposed on two hemispheres representing the two additional main areas of research - studies of the Sun and the development of techniques for survey of the Earth's resources. The left hemisphere show the Sun as it will be seen in the red light radiated by hydrogen atoms in the solar atmosphere. The right hemisphere is intended to suggest the studies of Earth resources to be conducted on Skylab. Although the patch denotes this mission as Skylab II, it is actually consided to be the Skylab III mission.
Date Taken 1973-02-01
General Description SL2-02-161 (06/01/73) - Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., Skylab 2 commander, during an exercise session on the bicycle ergometer in the crew quarters of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) in the Skylab 2 space station cluster in Earth orbit.
Astronaut Owen Garriott Performs EVA During Skylab 3
Title Astronaut Owen Garriott Performs EVA During Skylab 3
Full Description Scientist-astronaut Owen K. Garriott, Skylab 3 science pilot, is seen performing an extravehicular activity at the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit, photographed with a hand- held 70mm Hasselblad camera. Garriott had just deployed the Skylab Particle Collection S149 Experiment. The experiment is mounted on one of the ATM solar panels. The purpose of the S149 experiment was to collect material from interplanetary dust particles on prepared surfaces suitable for studying their impact phenomena. Earlier during the EVA Garriott assisted astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, in deploying the twin pole solar shield.
Date 08/06/1973
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Terry Quist Discusses Skylab Experiment
Name of Image Terry Quist Discusses Skylab Experiment
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description San Antonio, Texas high school student, Terry C. Quist (left), and Dr. Raymond Gause of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), discuss the student?s experiment to be performed aboard the Skylab the following year. His experiment, ?Earth Orbital Neutron Analysis? required detectors such as the one he is examining in this photo. The detector was to be attached to a water tank in Skylab. Neutrons striking the detectors left traces that were brought out by a chemical etching process after the Skylab mission. Quist?s experiment seeked to record neutron hits, count them, and determine their direction. This information was to help determine the source of neutrons in the solar system. Quist was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC two months earlier where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment. The equipment for the experiments was manufactured at MSFC.
Skylab Program
Name of Image Skylab Program
Date of Image 1971-01-01
Full Description This illustration depicts the Skylab-1 and Skylab-2 mission sequence. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
Neutron Analysis - Skylab Student Experiment ED-76
Name of Image Neutron Analysis - Skylab Student Experiment ED-76
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description The rate of neutron flow is commonly referred to as a flux. The measurement of neutron fluxes in Skylab was the subject of a proposal by Terry Quist of San Antonio, Texas. This chart describes Quist's experiment, Neutron Analysis, Skylab student experiment ED-76. These measurements were considered important not only by NASA but also by the scientific community for four reasons. High energy neutrons can be harmful to human tissue if they are present in significant quantities. Fluxes of neutrons can damage film and other sensitive experimental equipment in a marner similar to those produced by x-rays or other radiation. Furthermore, neutron fluxes can be used as a calibration source for other space-oriented particle physics experiments. Finally, neutron fluxes can affect sensitive x-ray and gamma-ray astronomy observations. Quist's objectives were to measure the neutron fluxes present in Skylab and, with the assistance of NASA and other physicists, to attempt determination of their origin as well as their energy range or spectrum. This experiment had stimulated interest in further studies of neutron phenomena in space. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Name of Image Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Date of Image 1973-06-01
Full Description This EREP color infrared photograph of the Uncompahgre Plateau area of Colorado was taken in June of 1973 by the Earth Terrain Camera (Skylab EREP Experiment S190B) of the Skylab's Multi-spectral Photographic Facility during the Skylab-2 mission. Skylab stereoscopic data provided the best identification of vegetation complexes and delineation of vegetation boundaries, particularly in areas where changes in relief were related to changes in vegetation type (a common occurrence in wild-land vegetation communities).
Ultraviolet Panorama - Skylab Experiment S183
Name of Image Ultraviolet Panorama - Skylab Experiment S183
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This photograph describes details of the telescopic camera for ultraviolet star photography for Skylab's Ultraviolet Panorama experiment (S183) placed in the Skylab airlock. The S183 experiment was designed to obtain ultraviolet photographs at three wavelengths of hot stars, clusters of stars, large stellar clouds in the Milky Way, and nuclei of other galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Nuclear Emulsion - Skylab Experiment S009
Name of Image Nuclear Emulsion - Skylab Experiment S009
Date of Image 1970-09-01
Full Description This photograph shows Skylab's Nuclear Emulsion experiment, a Skylab science facility that was mounted inside the Multiple Docking Adapter used to record the relative abundance of primary, high-energy heavy nuclei outside the Earth's atmosphere. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Time and Motion Study - Skylab Experiment M151
Name of Image Time and Motion Study - Skylab Experiment M151
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This 1970 photograph shows Skylab's Time and Motion experiment (M151) control unit, a medical study to measure performance differences between tasks undertaken on Earth and the same tasks performed by Skylab crew members in orbit. Data collected from this experiment evaluated crew members' zero-gravity behavior for designs and work programs for future space exploration. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab-3 Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Name of Image Skylab-3 Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This striking image of Skylab was photographed by Astronaut Jack Lousma (Skylab-3), as the second crew reached the orbiting laboratory over the delta of the mighty Amazon River. Skylab's solar arrays were exposed directly to the Sun's rays. Solar energy was transformed into electrical power for operation of all spacecraft systems. The proper operation of these solar arrays was vital to the mission.
Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Name of Image Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab in Orbit
Date of Image 1974-01-01
Full Description This image of Skylab in orbit was taken as the third crew (Skylab-4) departed the space station after 84 days in the orbiting laboratory. A smiling Skylab seemed to wink good-bye for the job well done.
Assembling the Skylab Cluster
Name of Image Assembling the Skylab Cluster
Date of Image 1971-05-01
Full Description This photograph shows activities during assembly of the Skylab cluster at the Vehicle Assembly/Checkout building. The Saturn V S-IVB stage is shown at left, and right is the Orbital Workshop (OWS) being readied for mating to the thruster. The S-IVB stage was modified to house the OWS, which provided living and working quarters for the Skylab crews. The Marshall Space Flight Center had responsibilities for the design and development of the Skylab hardware, and management of experiments.
Galactic X-Ray Mapping - Skylab Experiment S150
Name of Image Galactic X-Ray Mapping - Skylab Experiment S150
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This photograph shows Skylab's Galactic X-Ray Mapping facility (S150), an astrophysics and space sciences investigation. An objective of this experiment was to extend the search for the origin of galactic x-rays beyond the sensitivity possible with short flights of small research rockets. This was accomplished by placing a large-area, soft x-ray detector in orbit to collect data for a much longer time. The S150 instrument was not in Skylab but in the instrument unit of the second stage of the Skylab-3 Saturn IB rocket.
Time and Motion Study - Skylab Experiment M151
Name of Image Time and Motion Study - Skylab Experiment M151
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This chart details Skylab's Time and Motion experiment (M151), a medical study to measure performance differences between tasks undertaken on Earth and the same tasks performed by Skylab crew members in orbit. Data collected from this experiment evaluated crew members' zero-gravity behavior for designs and work programs for future space exploration. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Ultraviolet Panorama - Skylab Experiment S183
Name of Image Ultraviolet Panorama - Skylab Experiment S183
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This photograph shows a telescopic camera for ultraviolet star photography for Skylab's Ultraviolet Panorama experiment (S183) placed in the Skylab airlock. The S183 experiment was designed to obtain ultraviolet photographs, at three wavelengths, of hot stars, clusters of stars, large stellar clouds in the Milky Way, and nuclei of other galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount moc …
Title Skylab 4 crew in preflight training at Apollo Telescope Mount mock-up
Description The three members of the prime crew of the third of three scheduled manned Skylab missions (Skylab 4) go through Skylab preflight training in the Mission Training and Simulation Facility at JSC. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr (on right), Skylab 4 commander, is seated at a simulator which represents the control and display console of the Apollo Telescope Mount which is located in the space station's Multiple Docking Adapter. Seated on the left is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot. In the left background is Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot.
Date Taken 1973-02-01
Skylab Over Earth
Title Skylab Over Earth
Explanation Skylab [ http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/skylab/skylab.htm ] was an orbiting laboratory launched by a Saturn V rocket [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap010525.html ] in May 1973. Skylab [ http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/images/skylab_images.html ], pictured above [ http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/ABSTRACTS/GPN-2000-001055.html ], was visited three times by NASA astronauts who sometimes stayed as long as two and a half months. Many scientific tests were performed on Skylab [ http://www.ssl.msfc.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/skylab.htm ], including astronomical observations in ultraviolet [ http://imagers.gsfc.nasa.gov/ems/uv.html ] and X-ray [ http://cxpi.spme.monash.edu.au/xray_history.htm ] light. Some of these observations yielded valuable information about Comet Kohoutek [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohoutek ], our Sun [ http://www.nineplanets.org/sol.html ] and about the mysterious X-ray background [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap000114.html ] - radiation that comes from all over the sky. Skylab [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylab ] fell back to earth on 11 July 1979.
Skylab Solar Shield
Title Skylab Solar Shield
Full Description A sail like sunshade for possible use as a sunscreen for the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) is shown being fabricated in the GE Building across the street from Johnson Space Center, Houston Texas. Three people help the steamstress feed the material through the sewing machine. The three-layered sunshade will be composed of a top layer of aluminized mylar, a middle layer of laminated nylon ripstop, and a bottom layer of thin nylon. Working on the sunshade are from left to right: Dale Gentry, Elizabeth Gauldin, Alyene Baker, and James H. Barnett Jr. Mrs. Baker, a GE employee, operates the double needle Singer sewing machine. Barnett is head of the Crew Equipment Development Section of JSC Crew Systems Division. Mrs. Gauldin is also with the Crew Systems Division. Gentry works for GE. The work shown here is part of the crash program underway to prepare a sunshield for Skylab to replace the orginal shield which was lost when Skylab 1 was launched on May 14, 1973. The improvised solar shield selected to be used will be carried to Earth orbit by the Skylab 2 crewman who will then deploy the reflective parasol to shade part of the OWS from the hot rays of the sun. Loss of the orginal sun shield has caused an overheating problem. in the Orbital Work Shop.
Date 01/01/1973
NASA Center Headquarters
Skylab Station Viewed by Skylab 2 Command Module
Title Skylab Station Viewed by Skylab 2 Command Module
Full Description A view of the Skylab 1 space station Orbital Workshop showing the micrometeoroid shield missing. A parasol solar shield was later deployed to shade this exposed area. This picture was taken from the Skylab 2 Command/Service Module during its "fly around" inspection. The Apollo Telescope Mount is in the background. The damaged and partially deployed OWS solar array system wing is at lower right. After an aluminum strapping was cut during the June 7th extravehicular activity, the solar panel fully deployed. The OWS solar panel on the opposite side was completely ripped off during the Skylab 1 launch on May 14th leaving only cables and tubing.
Date 05/25/1973
NASA Center Headquarters
Fletcher Explains Methods to Repair Skylab I
Title Fletcher Explains Methods to Repair Skylab I
Full Description On May 23, 1973, Dr. James Fletcher Administrator for NASA, appeared before the United States Senate Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences. Dr. Fletcher explained to the committee what methods would be attempted to repair the damaged Skylab I. He stated that if the planned repairs were successful, that it would be possible to accomplish most of the activities scheduled for the two subsequent Skylab missions, each lasting 56 days.
Date 05/23/1973
NASA Center Headquarters
Web Formation - Skylab Student Experiment ED-52
Name of Image Web Formation - Skylab Student Experiment ED-52
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment Web Formation. Judith S. Miles of Lexington High School, Lexington, Massachusetts, proposed a study of the spider's behavior in a weightless environment. The geometrical structure of the web of the orb-weaving spider provides a good measure of the condition of its central nervous system. Since the spider senses its own weight to determine the required thickness of web material and uses both the wind and gravity to initiate construction of its web, the lack of gravitational force in Skylab provided a new and different stimulus to the spider's behavioral response. Two common cross spiders, Arabella and Anita, were used for the experiment aboard the Skylab-3 mission. After initial disoriented attempts, both spiders produced almost Earth-like webs once they had adapted to weightlessness. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Emblem for the third manned Skylab mission - Skylab 4
Title Emblem for the third manned Skylab mission - Skylab 4
Description This is the emblem for the third manned Skylab mission. It will be a mission of up to 56 days. The symbols in the patch refer to the three major areas of investigation proposed in the mission. The tree represents man's natural environment and relates directly to the Skylab mission objectives of advancing the study of Earth resources. The hydrogen atom, as the basic building block of the universe, represents man's exploration of the physical world, his application of knowledge, and his development of technology. Since the Sun is composed primarily of hydrogen, it is appropriate that the symbol refers to the solar physics mission objectives. The human silhouette represents mankind and the human capacity to direct technology with a wisdom tempered by regard for his natural environment. It also directly relates to the Skylab medical studies of man himself. The rainbow, adopted from the Biblical story of the flood, symbolizes the promise that is offered man. It embraces man and extends to t
Date Taken 1973-02-01
Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Name of Image Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This high-resolution color infrared photograph of the Uncompahgre Plateau area of Colorado was taken by the Multi-spectral Photographic Camera (Skylab EREP Experiment S190A) of the Skylab's Multi-spectral Photographic Facility during the Skylab-3 mission.
X-Ray Spectrographic Telescope - Skylab Experiment S054
Name of Image X-Ray Spectrographic Telescope - Skylab Experiment S054
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This photograph details Skylab's X-Ray Spectrographic Telescope, an Apollo Telescope Mount facility. It was designed to sequentially photograph solar flares and other active regions in x-ray spectrum. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Ultraviolet (UV)/X-Ray Solar Photography - Skylab Experiment S020
Name of Image Ultraviolet (UV)/X-Ray Solar Photography - Skylab Experiment S020
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This 1970 photograph shows Skylab's Ultraviolet (UV)/X-Ray Solar Photography instrument, an Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) facility designed to photograph normal and explosive areas in the solar atmosphere in the x-ray and UV spectra. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab Orbital Workshop Mockup at MSFC
Name of Image Skylab Orbital Workshop Mockup at MSFC
Date of Image 1967-09-01
Full Description This September 1967 photograph shows workmen removing a mockup of the Saturn V S-IVB stage that housed the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) from the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), building 4755. The mockup was shipped to McDornell Douglas in Huntington, California for design modifications. NASA used the mockup as an engineering design tool to plan structures, equipment, and experiments for Skylab, an orbiting space laboratory. The MSFC had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments, including the OWS.
Skylab 2 astronauts eat space food in wardroom of Skylab trainer
Title Skylab 2 astronauts eat space food in wardroom of Skylab trainer
Description The three members of the prime crew of the first manned Skylab mission dine on specially prepared Skylab space food in the wardromm of the crew quarters of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) trainer during Skylab training at the Johnson Space Center. They are, left to right, Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot, Astronaut Paul J. Weitz, pilot, and Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., commander.
Date 03.01.1973
Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr. working with control panel in Skylab …
Title Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr. working with control panel in Skylab simulation
Description Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr. is seen working with the control panels of the Skylab Orbital Workshop trainer during Skylab training at the Johnson Space Center.
Date Taken 1973-02-01
Launch of the Skylab 4/Saturn 1B space vehicle
Title Launch of the Skylab 4/Saturn 1B space vehicle
Description The Skylab 4/Saturn 1B space vehicle is launched from Pad B, Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, at 9:01:23 a.m., Friday, November 16, 1973. Skylab 4 is the third and last of three scheduled manned Skylab missions.
Date Taken 1973-11-16
Astronaut Edward G. Gibson during EVA on Skylab 4
Title Astronaut Edward G. Gibson during EVA on Skylab 4
Description View of Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 commander, during extravehicular activity (EVA) on the Skylab space station in orbit above the Earth.
Date Taken 1974-02-03
Seamstresses Stitch a Sun-Shade for Skylab
Title Seamstresses Stitch a Sun-Shade for Skylab
Full Description Two seamstresses stitch together a sun-shade for the Skylab Orbital Workshop, the first United States Experimental space station in orbit, which lost its thermal protection shield during the launch on May 14, 1973. Without the heat shield, the temperature inside the Orbital Workshop became dangerously high, rendering the workshop uninhabitable and threatening the interior insulation and adhesive to deteriorate. Marshall engineers and scientists worked tirelessly around the clock to develop an emergency repair procedure. The Skylab crew and the repair kits were launched just 11 days after the incident. The crew successfully deployed the twin-pole sail parasol sun-shade during their EVA (Extravehicular Activity) the next day.
Date 5/1/1973
NASA Center Marshall Space Flight Center
Skylab 4 astronauts during an "open house" press day in Skylab mo …
Title Skylab 4 astronauts during an "open house" press day in Skylab mock-up
Description These three men make up the crew of the Skylab 4 mission. They are, left to right, Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, science pilot, Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, commander, and Astronaut William R. Pogue, pilot. They were photographed and interviewed during an "open house" press day in the realistic atmosphere of Skylab mock-up and trainers in the Mission Simulation and Training facility at the Manned Spacecraft Center.
Date Taken 1972-01-19
Skylab 2 astronauts eat space food in wardroom of Skylab trainer
Title Skylab 2 astronauts eat space food in wardroom of Skylab trainer
Description The three members of the prime crew of the first manned Skylab mission dine on specially prepared Skylab space food in the wardromm of the crew quarters of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) trainer during Skylab training at the Johnson Space Center. They are, left to right, Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot, Astronaut Paul J. Weitz, pilot, and Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., commander.
Date Taken 1973-03-01
The Skylab Airlock Module
Name of Image The Skylab Airlock Module
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This artist's concept is a cutaway illustration of the Skylab Airlock Module and its characteristics. The aft end of the Docking Adapter mated to the Airlock Module (AM), and served as the environmental, electrical, and communications control center. The docking adapter also contained the port through which the astronauts exited to perform extravehicular activity. The AM contained a turnel section through which Skylab crewmen could move between the workshop and the forward end of the airlock. It was encircled, for part of its length, at its aft end by the fixed Airlock Shroud (FAS), that had the same diameter as the workshop (22 feet) and was attached to the workshop's forward end. High pressure containers for oxygen and nitrogen providing Skylab's atmosphere, were mounted in the annular space between the outside of the tunnel and the inside of the shroud. The forward end of the FAS was the base on which the tubular structure supporting the solar observatory was mounted. Many of the supplies, and most of the control systems for Skylab were located in the AM, this module could well be the "utility center" of the Skylab cluster. McDonnell Douglas fabricated the module with close Marshall Space Flight Center's involvement in design, development, and test activities.
Terry Quist Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Name of Image Terry Quist Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Terry C. Quist (center), high school student from San Antonio, Texas, discusses his proposed Skylab experiment with Marshall Space Flight Center?s (MSFC) Henry Floyd (left), coordinator of the Skylab Student Experiment Project, and DR. Raymond Gause, scientific advisor to Quist. The student?s experiment, ?Earth Orbital Neutron Analysis?, was aimed at learning more about the source of neutrons in the solar system by seeking the number and direction from which each comes. Quist was among the 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of equipment, such as Quist?s experiment, which required detector hardware.
Capillary Study - Skylab Student Experiment ED-72
Name of Image Capillary Study - Skylab Student Experiment ED-72
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment ED-72, Capillary Study, proposed by Roger G. Johnson of St. Paul, Mirnesota. Johnson theorized that capillary rise might continue to infinity in Skylab's zero-gravity environment. The behavior of fluids, particularly their flow properties in a low-gravity environment, had been important from the time that Robert H. Goddard launched his liquid-fueled rockets in the 1920's to the more sophisticated space systems of the day. It was necessary to design fluid-flow systems that would not only overcome the lack of gravity but also overcome, or take advantage of, the effect of surface tension. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Atmospheric Absorption of Heat - Skylab Student Experiment ED-11
Name of Image Atmospheric Absorption of Heat - Skylab Student Experiment ED-11
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment, Atmospheric Absorption of Heat, proposed by Joe B. Zmolek of Oshkosh, Wisconsin. This experiment utilized Skylab's Earth Resources Experiment spectrometers to determine the attenuation of radiant energy in the visible and near-infrared spectrums for both densely and sparsely populated areas. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Wirners of the Skylab Student Program at Marshall Space Flight Ce …
Name of Image Wirners of the Skylab Student Program at Marshall Space Flight Center
Date of Image 1972-05-01
Full Description One of the most successful of the Skylab educational efforts was the Skylab Student Project. This was a nationwide contest in which secondary school students submitted proposals for experiments to fly on Skylab. After the official announcement of this project, over 4,000 students responded with 3,409 proposals from which 25 winners were selected. In the subsequent evaluation of these 25 proposed experiments in terms of their suitability for flight, the Marshall Space Flight Center, the lead center for Skylab, selected 19. This photograph is a group shot of the 25 winners in the Skylab student program when they met for the first time at the Marshall Space Flight Center in May 1972.
Motor Sensory Performance - Skylab Student Experiment ED-41
Name of Image Motor Sensory Performance - Skylab Student Experiment ED-41
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment Motor Sensory Performance, proposed by Kathy L. Jackson of Houston, Texas. Her proposal was a very simple but effective test to measure the potential degradation of man's motor-sensory skills while weightless. Without knowing whether or not man can retain a high level of competency in the performance of various tasks after long exposure to weightlessness, this capability could not be fully known. Skylab, with its long-duration missions, provided an ideal testing situation. The experiment Kathy Jackson proposed was similar in application to the tasks involved in docking one spacecraft to another using manual control. It required one of the greatest tests of the motor-sensory capabilities of man. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Mass Measurement - Skylab Student Experiment ED-74
Name of Image Mass Measurement - Skylab Student Experiment ED-74
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description Vincent W. Converse of Rockford, Illinois proposed Skylab's student experiment ED-74, Mass Measurement, to measure mass in a weightless environment. This chart describes Converse's experiment. Mass is the quantity of matter in any object. The gravitational force between an object and the Earth is called weight, which is a result of the Earth's gravity acting upon the object's mass. Even though objects in Skylab were apparently weightless, their mass properties were unchanged. Measurement of mass is therefore an acceptable alternative to measurement of weight. The devices used in this experiment provided accurate mass measurements of the astronauts' weights, intakes, and body wastes throughout the missions. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Ultraviolet (UV) From Pulsars - Skylab Student Experiment ED-26
Name of Image Ultraviolet (UV) From Pulsars - Skylab Student Experiment ED-26
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment Ultraviolet (UV) From Pulsars, proposed by Neal W. Sharnon of Atlanta, Georgia. This experiment was to observe several pulsars with Skylab's UV spectrometer to determine their intensities in that portion of their spectra. A more detailed description of a pulsar's electromagnetic emission profile would be expected to further define means by which its energy is released. Unfortunately, upon examination of the photographic plates containing the data from the experiment, it was found that an alignment error of the spectrometer prevented detection of any of the pulsars. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
The Skylab Airlock Module
Name of Image The Skylab Airlock Module
Date of Image 1971-08-01
Full Description This photograph, taken during the assembly of the Flight Article of the Skylab Airlock Module (AM) at McDornell Douglas in St. Louis, Missouri, shows the truss assembly. The AM enabled crew members to conduct extravehicular activities outside Skylab as required for experiment support. Separated from the Workshop and the Multiple Docking Adapter by doors, the AM could be evacuated for egress or ingress of a space-suited astronaut through a side hatch. Oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks needed for Skylab's life support system were mounted on the external truss work of the AM. Major components in the AM included Skylab's electric power control and distribution station, environmental control system, communication system, and data handling and recording systems. The Marshall Space Flight Center was responsible for the design and development of the Skylab hardware and experiment management.
Carr and Pogue in Skylab
Title Carr and Pogue in Skylab
Full Description Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, Commander for the Skylab 4 mission, jokingly demonstrates weight training in zero-gravity as he balances astronaut William R. Pogue, pilot, upside down on his finger.
Date 02/01/1974
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service …
Title Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module
Description This overhead view of the Skylab Space Station was taken from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module during the Skylab 2's final fly-around inspection. The single solar panel is quite evident as well as the parasol solar shield, rigged to replace the missing micrometeoroid shield. Both the second solar panel and the micrometeoroid shield were torn away during a mishap in the original Skylab 1 liftoff and orbital insertion.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service …
Title Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module
Description This overhead view of the Skylab Space Station was taken from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module during the Skylab 2's final fly-around inspection. The single solar panel is quite evident as well as the parasol solar shield, rigged to replace the missing micrometeoroid shield. Both the second solar panel and the micrometeoroid shield were torn away during a mishap in the original Skylab 1 liftoff and orbital insertion.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service …
Title Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module
Description This overhead view of the Skylab Space Station was taken from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module during the Skylab 2's final fly-around inspection. The single solar panel is quite evident as well as the parasol solar shield, rigged to replace the missing micrometeoroid shield. Both the second solar panel and the micrometeoroid shield were torn away during a mishap in the original Skylab 1 liftoff and orbital insertion.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
View of the Skylab 1 space station cluster from the Skylab 2 Comm …
Title View of the Skylab 1 space station cluster from the Skylab 2 Command Module
Description A close-up view of the Skylab 1 space station cluster can be seen in this reproduction taken from a color television transmission made by a TV camera aboard the Skylab 2 Command Module during its "fly around" inspection of the cluster. Numbers across the top of the picture indicate the Skylab 1 ground elapsed time. Note the missing portion of the micrometeoroid shield on the Orbital Workshop. The shield area was reported to be solid gold by the Skylab 2 crewmen. A cable appears to be wrapped around the damaged OWS solar array system wing. The crewmen reported that the other OWS solar panel was completely gone, with only tubes and wiring sticking out. The Multiple Docking Adapter is in the lower left corner of the picture. A portion of a solar panel on the Apollo Telescope Mount is visible at the bottom and at the left edge.
Date Taken 1973-05-25
Showering on Skylab
Title Showering on Skylab
Full Description A close up view of astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot taking a hot bath in the crew quarters of the Orbital Workshop (OWS) of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth Orbit. This picture was taken with a hand-held 35mm Nikon camera. Astronaut Lousma, Alan Bean and Owen K. Garriott remained within the Skylab space station in orbit for 59 days conducting numerous medical, scientific and technological expierments. In deploying the shower facility the shower curtain is pulled up from the floor and attached to the ceiling. The water comes through a push-button shower head attached to a flexible hose. Water is drawn off by a vacuum system.
Date 07/01/1973
NASA Center Headquarters
Miles Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Name of Image Miles Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Lexington, Massachusetts high school student, Judith Miles, discusses her proposed Skylab experiment with engineers and scientists during a design review of the experiment equipment. At left is Ron Pavlue of Kennedy Space Flight Center (KSC), holding a box is Keith Demorest of Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Right of Miles is Dr. Raymond Gause, also of MSFC, who is Miles? scientific advisor. In her experiment, called the ?Web Formation in Zero Gravity?, spiders were released into a box and their actions recorded to determine how well they adapt to the absence of gravity. Spiders are known to adapt quickly to other changes in the environment but nothing was known of their ability to adapt to weightlessness. At the same time spiders were weaving webs in Earth orbit, similar spiders were spinning webs in identical boxes on Earth under full gravity conditions. Miles was among the 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of equipment.
Robert Staehle Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Name of Image Robert Staehle Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Robert L. Staehle (center), high school student from Harley School, Rochester New York, talks with Steven Hall (advisor to Staehle) and Henry Floyd, both of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) about his experiment ?Behavior of Bacteria and Bacterial Spores in the Skylab Space Environment?. He was one of the 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of equipment.
Launch of the Skylab-2
Name of Image Launch of the Skylab-2
Date of Image 1973-05-25
Full Description This is an image of the Saturn IB vehicle that lifted off on May 25, 1973, carrying the crew of the Skylab-2 (SL-2) mission. The Saturn IV launch vehicle was used to carry a crew of three astronauts to the Skylab. The SL-2 mission launched the first crew to the Skylab, astronauts Charles "Pete" Conrad, Joseph Kerwin and Paul Weitz. This crew made urgent repair work on the damaged Skylab to make it operational and habitable. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The duration of this mission was 28 days.
Saturn IB SA-206 (Skylab 2) Launch
Name of Image Saturn IB SA-206 (Skylab 2) Launch
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description SA-206 lifts off from Kennedy Space Center's launch complex 39B, in Florida, on May 25, 1973, for the first manned Skylab mission (SL-2) with astronauts Pete Conrad, Joseph Kerwin, and Paul Weitz. The Saturn IB, developed under the direction of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), launched five manned Earth-orbital missions between 1968 and 1975: Apollo 7, Skylab 2, Skylab 3, Skylab 4, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP).
Web Formation - Skylab Student Experiment ED-52
Name of Image Web Formation - Skylab Student Experiment ED-52
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description Judith S. Miles of Lexington High School, Lexington, Massachusetts, proposed skylab student experiment ED-52, Web Formation. This experiment was a study of a spider's behavior in a weightless environment. The geometrical structure of the web of the orb-weaving spider provides a good measure of the condition of its central nervous system. Since the spider senses its own weight to determine the required thickness of web material and uses both the wind and gravity to initiate construction of its web, the lack of gravitational force in Skylab provided a new and different stimulus to the spider's behavioral response. Two common cross spiders, Arabella and Anita, were used for the experiment aboard the Skylab-3 mission. After initial disoriented attempts, both spiders produced almost Earth-like webs once they had adapted to weightlessness. This photograph is of Arabella, a cross spider, in her initial attempt at spirning a web. This picture was taken by the crew of the Skylab 3 mission before Arabella adapted to her new environment.
Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Name of Image Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Date of Image 1973-06-01
Full Description This EREP color photograph of the Uncompahgre Plateau area of Colorado was taken in June of 1973 by the Skylab Multi-spectral Photographic Camera (Skylab EREP Experiment S190A) of the Multi-spectral Photographic Facility during the Skylab-2 Mission.
Particle Collection - Skylab Experiment S149
Name of Image Particle Collection - Skylab Experiment S149
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This chart describes Skylab's Particle Collection device, a scientific experiment designed to study micro-meteoroid particles in near-Earth space and determine their abundance, mass distribution, composition, and erosive effects. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
White Light Coronagraph - Skylab Experiment S052
Name of Image White Light Coronagraph - Skylab Experiment S052
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This 1970 photograph shows the flight unit for Skylab's White Light Coronagraph, an Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) facility that photographed the solar corona in the visible light spectrum. A TV camera in the instrument provided real-time pictures of the occulted Sun to the astronauts at the control console and also transmitted the images to the ground. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Ultraviolet (UV) Polychromator Spectroheliometer - Skylab Experim …
Name of Image Ultraviolet (UV) Polychromator Spectroheliometer - Skylab Experiment S055A
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This 1970 photograph shows the flight unit for Skylab's Ultraviolet (UV) Scarning Polychromator Spectroheliometer, an Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) facility. It was designed to observe temporal changes in UV radiation emitted by the Sun's chromosphere and lower corona. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Ultraviolet (UV) Stellar Astronomy - Skylab Experiment S019
Name of Image Ultraviolet (UV) Stellar Astronomy - Skylab Experiment S019
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This 1970 photograph shows Skylab's Ultraviolet (UV) Stellar Astronomy experiment, a scientific airlock-based facility/experiment that would study UV spectra of early-type stars and galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Ultraviolet (UV) Airglow Horizon Photography - Skylab Experiment …
Name of Image Ultraviolet (UV) Airglow Horizon Photography - Skylab Experiment S063
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This 1970 photograph shows Skylab's Ultraviolet (UV) Airglow Horizon Photography experiment. It was an astrophysics investigation designed to photograph the twilight airflow and Earth's ozone layer simultaneously in visible and UV wavelengths. These observations provided information on oxygen, nitrogen, and ozone layers in the Earth's atmosphere, and on their variation during night and day cycles. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Sleep Monitoring Experiment - Skylab Experiment M133
Name of Image Sleep Monitoring Experiment - Skylab Experiment M133
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This 1970 photograph shows equipment for the Skylab's Sleep Monitoring Experiment (M133), a medical evaluation designed to objectively determine the amount and quality of crewmembers' inflight sleep. The experiment monitored and recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) and electrooculographic (EOG) activity during astronauts' sleep periods. One of the astronauts was selected for this experiment and wore a fitted cap during his sleep periods. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter - Internal Aft View
Name of Image Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter - Internal Aft View
Date of Image 1972-09-01
Full Description The Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), designed and constructed under the direction of the Marshall Space Flight Center, was one of four principal sections comprising Skylab. The MDA provided the means by which the Command and Service Modules attached to the Skylab, enabling the crews to enter and work in it. Also included in the MDA was a control and display console for the Apollo Telescope Mount. This image shows an interior view of the MDA.
Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Photograph - Meal Time
Name of Image Skylab-4 Mission Onboard Photograph - Meal Time
Date of Image 1973-11-01
Full Description This Skylab-4 mission onboard photograph shows Astronaut Ed Gibson getting ready to prepare his meal in the crew wardroom. The tray contained heating elements for preparing the individual food packets. The food on Skylab was a great improvement over that on earlier spaceflights. It was no longer necessary to squeeze liquified food from plastic tubes. Skylab's kitchen was so equipped that each crewman could select his own menu and prepare it to his own taste.
Particle Collections - Skylab Experiment S149
Name of Image Particle Collections - Skylab Experiment S149
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This photograph shows Skylab's Particle Collection device, a scientific experiment designed to study micro-meteoroid particles in near-Earth space and determine their abundance, mass distribution, composition, and erosive effects. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Ultraviolet (UV) Scarning Polychromator Spectroheliometer - Skyla …
Name of Image Ultraviolet (UV) Scarning Polychromator Spectroheliometer - Skylab Experiment S055A
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes scientific parameters of the Skylab Ultraviolet (UV) Scanning Polychromator Spectroheliometer, one the eight Apollo Telescope Mount facilities. It was designed to observe and provide temporal changes in UV radiation emitted by the Sun's chromosphere and lower corona. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of skylab hardware and experiments.
Ultraviolet Stellar Astronomy - Skylab Experiment S019
Name of Image Ultraviolet Stellar Astronomy - Skylab Experiment S019
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This chart provides information about Skylab's Ultraviolet (UV) Stellar Astronomy experiment (SO19), a scientific airlock-based facility/experiment that would study UV spectra of early-type stars and galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Milky Way Scarned by Skylab Experiment S150
Name of Image Milky Way Scarned by Skylab Experiment S150
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This image shows the Milky Way as seen from the solar system. The shaded regions are those scanned by the Skylab experiment Galactic X-Ray Mapping (S150). The galactic center is approximately at the center of the map. The three overlapping rectangles illustrate the fields of view of the three collimators in one instant of time. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Astronaut Maneuvering Equipment - Skylab Experiment M509
Name of Image Astronaut Maneuvering Equipment - Skylab Experiment M509
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This chart provides details of Skylab's Astronaut Maneuvering Equipment experiment (M509), an operational study to evaluate and conduct an in-orbit verification of the utility of various maneuvering techniques to assist astronauts in performing tasks which are representative of future extravehicular activity (EVA) requirements. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Material Processing Facility - Skylab Experiment M512
Name of Image Material Processing Facility - Skylab Experiment M512
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This chart details Skylab's Materials Processing Facility experiment (M512). This facility, located in the Multiple Docking Adapter, was developed for Skylab and accommodated 14 different experiments that were carried out during the three marned missions. The abilities to melt and mix without the contaminating effects of containers, to suppress thermal convection and buoyancy in fluids, and to take advantage of electrostatic and magnetic forces and otherwise masked by gravitation opened the way to new knowledge of material properties and processes. This beginning would ultimately lead to the production of valuable new materials for use on Earth.
Arabella
Name of Image Arabella
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description Arabella, a common cross spider, spins an earthly web aboard the second Skylab mission in 1973 after initial disoriented attempts. The experiment, Web Formation in Zero Gravity, part of the Skylab Student Project, was submitted by Judith Miles, a junior at Lexington High School in Lexington, Massachusetts. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments, including the Skylab Student Project.
Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Meal Time
Name of Image Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Meal Time
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This photograph was taken during the Skylab-3 mission (2nd marned mission), showing Astronaut Owen Garriott enjoying his meal in the Orbital Workshop crew wardroom. The tray contained heating elements for preparing the individual food packets. The food on Skylab was a great improvement over that on earlier spaceflights. It was no longer necessary to squeeze liquified food from plastic tubes. Skylab's kitchen was so equipped that each crewman could select his own menu and prepare it to his own taste.
View of Mission Control during Skylab 3 flyaround
Title View of Mission Control during Skylab 3 flyaround
Description Overall view of the Mission Operations Control Room (MOCR) in the Mission Control Center (MCC), bldg 30, at JSC during the Skylab 3 flyaround inspection of the Skylab Earth-orbiting cluster.
Date Taken 1973-07-31
Artist's concept of deployment of twin pole thermal shield on Sky …
Title Artist's concept of deployment of twin pole thermal shield on Skylab
Description An artist's concept of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit illustrating the deployment of the twin pole thermal shield to shade the Orbital Workshop (OWS) from the Sun. This is one of the sunshade possibilities considered to solve the problem of the overheated OWS. Here the two Skylab 2 astronauts have completely deployed the sunshade. Note the evidence of another Skylab problem - the solar panels on the OWS are not deployed as required (26127), In this view the Skylab astronauts have partially deployed the sunshade (26128).
Date 05.18.1973
Artist's concept of deployment of twin pole thermal shield on Sky …
Title Artist's concept of deployment of twin pole thermal shield on Skylab
Description An artist's concept of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit illustrating the deployment of the twin pole thermal shield to shade the Orbital Workshop (OWS) from the Sun. This is one of the sunshade possibilities considered to solve the problem of the overheated OWS. Here the two Skylab 2 astronauts have completely deployed the sunshade. Note the evidence of another Skylab problem - the solar panels on the OWS are not deployed as required (26127), In this view the Skylab astronauts have partially deployed the sunshade (26128).
Date 05.18.1973
Flight directors for Skylab 1 and 2 mission around console in Mis …
Title Flight directors for Skylab 1 and 2 mission around console in Mission Control
Description Four flight directors for the Skylab 1 and 2 mission are grouped around the flight director's console in the Mission Operations Control Room in the Mission Control Center at JSC during the Skylab 2 Command/Service Module (CSM) "fly around" inspection of the Skylab 1 space station cluster. They are, going counterclockwise from center foreground, Donald R. Puddy (white shirt), Milton Windler, Philip C. Shaffer and M.P. Frank. A view of the Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop seen from the Sylab 2 CSM is visible on the television monitor in the background.
Date Taken 1973-05-25
Flight controllers in Mission Control discuss upcoming EVA by Sky …
Title Flight controllers in Mission Control discuss upcoming EVA by Skylab 3 crew
Description This group of flight controllers discuss today's approaching extravehicular activity (EVA) to be performed by the Skylab 3 crewmen. They are, left to right, Scientist-Astronaut Story Musgrave, a Skylab 3 spacecraft communicator, Robert Kain and Scott Millican, both of the Crew Procedures Division, EVA Procedures Section, William C. Schneider, Skylab Program Director, NASA Headquarters, and Milton Windler, Flight Director. Windler points to the model of the Skylab space station cluster to indicate the location of the ATM's film magazines. The group stands near consoles in the Mission Operations Control Room (MOCR) of the JSC Mission Control Center (MCC).
Date Taken 1973-08-06
Skylab 4 crew at start of high altitude chamber test at KSC
Title Skylab 4 crew at start of high altitude chamber test at KSC
Description Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, fully suited, Skylab 4 commander, prepares to enter spacecraft 118 (the Skylab 4 vehicle) at the start of the high altitude chamber test at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) (34093), The Skylab 4 crew, fully suited, are seated inside their Command Module, which has been undergoing high altitude chamber test runs at KSC after being considered as a possible rescue vehicle, if needed for the Skylab 3 crew. Facing the camera is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, science pilot. Astronauts Carr, commander, and William R. Pogue, pilot, are also pictured (34094).
Date Taken 1973-08-06
The Astronauts of Skylab 3
Title The Astronauts of Skylab 3
Full Description The crewmembers of Skylab 3: astronaut Alan L. Bean, foreground, commander, scientistastronaut Owen K. Garriott, left, science pilot, and astronaut Jack R. Lousma, pilot. This crew spent 59 days and 11 hours in orbit.
Date 02/02/1972
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
S-IVB Stage for the Skylab Orbital Workshop
Name of Image S-IVB Stage for the Skylab Orbital Workshop
Date of Image 1967-09-01
Full Description This September 1967 photograph shows workmen removing a mockup of the Saturn V S-IVB stage that housed the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) from the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), building 4755. The mockup was shipped to McDornell Douglas in Huntington, California for design modifications. NASA used the mockup as an engineering design tool to plan structures, equipment, and experiments for Skylab, an orbiting space laboratory. The MSFC had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments, including the OWS.
The Skylab Airlock Module and Multiple Docking Adapter
Name of Image The Skylab Airlock Module and Multiple Docking Adapter
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This photograph shows the flight article of the Airlock Module (AM)/Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA) assembly being readied for testing in a clean room at the McDornell Douglas Plant in St. Louis, Missouri. Although the AM and the MDA were separate entities, they were in many respects simply two components of a single module. The AM enabled crew members to conduct extravehicular activities outside Skylab as required for experiment support. Oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks needed for Skylab's life support system were mounted on the external truss work of the AM. Major components in the AM included Skylab's electric power control and distribution station, environmental control system, communication system, and data handling and recording systems. The MDA, forward of the AM, provided docking facilities for the Command and Service Module. It also accommodated several experiment systems, among them the Earth Resource Experiment Package, the materials processing facility, and the control and display console needed for the Apollo Telescope Mount solar astronomy studies. The AM was built by McDonnell Douglas and the MDA was built by Martin Marietta. The Marshall Space Flight Center was responsible for the design and development of the Skylab hardware and experiment management.
Johnston and Gause Discuss Student Proposed Skylab Experiment
Name of Image Johnston and Gause Discuss Student Proposed Skylab Experiment
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Roger Johnston (right), high school student from St. Paul Minnesota, discussed his proposed Skylab experiment ?Capillary Action Studies in a State of Free Fall?, with Dr. Raymond Gause of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Johnston was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC earlier where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Brian Dunlap Examines Skylab Experimental Equipment
Name of Image Brian Dunlap Examines Skylab Experimental Equipment
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Youngstown, Ohio high school student, W. Brian Dunlap (left), and Robert Head of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), check out the equipment to be used in conducting the student?s experiment aboard the Skylab the following year. His experiment, ?Wave Motion Trough A Liquid in Zero Gravity?, used a container attached to the end of a leaf spring which was oscillated at specific rates using two differentiated types of liquids. Dunlap was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC two months earlier where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment. The equipment for the experiments was manufactured at MSFC.
Roger Johnston Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Name of Image Roger Johnston Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description St. Paul Minnesota high school student, Roger Johnston (center), Gene Vacca (left) of NASA Headquarters, and Ann Whitaker of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) discuss the equipment to be used for the student?s experiment, ?Capillary Action Studies in a State of Free Fall?, to be performed aboard the Skylab the following year. Johnston was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC two months earlier where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment. The equipment for the experiments was manufactured at MSFC.
Vincent Converse Examines Skylab Experimental Equipment
Name of Image Vincent Converse Examines Skylab Experimental Equipment
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Rockford, Illinois high school student, Vincent Converse (left), and Robert Head of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), check out the equipment to be used in conducting the student?s experiment aboard the Skylab the following year. His experiment, ?Zero Gravity Mass Measurement? used a simple leaf spring with the mass to be weighed attached to the end. An electronic package oscillated the spring at a specific rate and the results were recorded electronically. Converse was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC two months earlier where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Joel Wordekemper Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Name of Image Joel Wordekemper Discusses Skylab Experiment With NASA Personnel
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Joel Wordekemper (right) of Westpoint, Missouri, and Donald Schlack (center) of Downey, California, high school students discuss their proposed Skylab experiment with Kennedy Space Center?s (KSC) and Ron Pavlue (left) and Loren Gross of Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). The experiment ?Phototropic Orientation of an Embryo Plant in Zero Gravity?, by Schlack, and ?Plant Growth in Zero Gravity?, Wordekemper, was conducted using the same equipment. The students were among the 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of equipment.
Testing of Skylab Emergency Procedures
Name of Image Testing of Skylab Emergency Procedures
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description After its launch on May 14, 1973, it was immediately known that there were some major problems with Skylab. The large, delicate, meteoroid shield on the outside of the workshop was ripped off by the vibration of the launch. Its tearing off caused serious damage to the two wings of solar cells that were to supply most of the electric power to the workshop. Once in orbit, the news worsened. The loss of the big shade exposed the metal skin of the workshop to the sun. Internal temperatures soared to 126 degrees F. This heat not only threatened its habitation by astronauts, but if prolonged, would cause serious damage to instruments and film. After twice delaying the launch of the first astronaut crew, engineers worked frantically to develop solutions to these problems and salvage the Skylab. After designing a protective solar sail to cover the workshop, crews needed to practice using the specially designed tools and materials to facilitate the repair procedure. Marshall Space Flight Center's Neutral Buoyancy Simulator (NBS), was used to practice these maneuvers. Pictured here are the astronauts in the NBS deploying the protecticve solar sail. On may 25, 1973, an Apollo command and service module was launched and later docked with Skylab. The next day, astronauts Conrad and Kerwin were able to complete the needed repairs to Skylab, salvaging the entire program.
Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab with a Twin-Pole Sun …
Name of Image Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab with a Twin-Pole Sunshield
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description Shortly after liftoff on May 14, 1973, atmospheric drag tore off the thin metallic shield of Skylab that was designed to protect her from micro-meteorites and the Sun's intense heat. The Skylab-2 crew deployed a parasol sunshield to protect the orbiting laboratory. Concern over the possibility that materials used for the parasol would deteriorate with prolonged exposure to the Sun's rays prompted the installation of a second sunshield during the Skylab-3 mission. This time, the crew exited the space station and installed a twin-pole device to position the shield over the parasol. This photograph was taken by the Skylab-4 mission.
Damaged Exterior of the Skylab Orbital Workshop
Name of Image Damaged Exterior of the Skylab Orbital Workshop
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description The Saturn V vehicle, carrying the unmarned orbital workshop for the Skylab-1 mission, lifted off successfully and all systems performed normally. Sixty-three seconds into flight, engineers in the operation support and control center saw an unexpected telemetry indication that signalled that damages occurred on one solar array and the micrometeoroid shield during the launch. The micrometeoroid shield, a thin protective cylinder surrounding the workshop protecting it from tiny space particles and the sun's scorching heat, ripped loose from its position around the workshop. This caused the loss of one solar wing and jammed the other. Still unoccupied, the Skylab was stricken with the loss of the heat shield and sunlight beat mercilessly on the lab's sensitive skin. Internal temperatures soared, rendering the the station uninhabitable, threatening foods, medicines, films, and experiments. This image shows the sun-ravaged skin of the Orbital Workshop, bared by the missing heat shield, with blister scars and tarnish from temperatures that reached 300 degrees F. The rectangular opening at the upper center is the scientific airlock through which the parasol to protect the workshop from sun's rays was later deployed. This view was taken during a fly-around inspection by the Skylab-2 crew. The Marshall Space Flight Center had a major role in developing the procedures to repair the damaged Skylab.
Damaged Skylab
Name of Image Damaged Skylab
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description The Saturn V vehicle, carrying the unmarned orbital workshop for the Skylab-1 mission, lifted off successfully and all systems performed normally. Sixty-three seconds into the flight, engineers in the operation support and control center saw an unexpected telemetry indication that signalled that damages occurred on one solar array and the micrometeoroid shield during the launch. The micrometeoroid shield, a thin protective cylinder surrounding the workshop protecting it from tiny space particles and the sun's scorching heat, ripped loose from its position around the workshop. This caused the loss of one solar wing and jammed the other. Still unoccupied, the Skylab was stricken with the loss of the heat shield and sunlight beat mercilessly on the lab's sensitive skin. Internal temperatures soared, rendering the station uninhabitable, threatening foods, medicines, films, and experiments. This image, taken during a fly-around inspection by the Skylab-2 crew, shows a crippled Skylab in orbit. The crew found their home in space to be in serious shape, the heat shield gone, one solar wing gone, and the other jammed. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel.
The Skylab Airlock Module
Name of Image The Skylab Airlock Module
Date of Image 1968-01-01
Full Description This illustration is a cutaway view of the internal arrangement of the Airlock Module (AM). The aft end of the Docking Adapter mated to the AM, and served as the environmental, electrical, and communications control center. The docking adapter also contained the port through which the astronauts exited to perform extravehicular activity. The AM contained a turnel section through which Skylab crewmen could move between the workshop and the forward end of the airlock. It was encircled, for part of its length, at its aft end by the fixed Airlock Shroud (FAS), that had the same diameter as the workshop (22 feet) and was attached to the workshop's forward end. High pressure containers for oxygen and nitrogen providing Skylab's atmosphere, were mounted in the annular space between the outside of the tunnel and the inside of the shroud. The forward end of the FAS was the base on which the tubular structure supporting the solar observatory was mounted. Many of the supplies, and most of the control systems for Skylab were located in the AM, this module could well be the "utility center" of the Skylab cluster. McDonnell Douglas fabricated the module with close Marshall Space Flight Center's involvement in design, development, and test activities.
The Skylab Airlock Module
Name of Image The Skylab Airlock Module
Date of Image 1968-01-01
Full Description This illustration is a cutaway view of the external arrangement of the Airlock Module (AM). The aft end of the Docking Adapter mated to the AM, and served as the environmental, electrical, and communications control center. The docking adapter also contained the port through which the astronauts exited to perform extravehicular activity. The AM contained a turnel section through which Skylab crewmen could move between the workshop and the forward end of the airlock. It was encircled, for part of its length, at its aft end by the fixed Airlock Shroud (FAS), that had the same diameter as the workshop (22 feet) and was attached to the workshop's forward end. High pressure containers for oxygen and nitrogen providing Skylab's atmosphere, were mounted in the annular space between the outside of the tunnel and the inside of the shroud. The forward end of the FAS was the base on which the tubular structure supporting the solar observatory was mounted. Many of the supplies, and most of the control systems for Skylab were located in the AM, this module could well be the "utility center" of the Skylab cluster. McDonnell Douglas fabricated the module with close Marshall Space Flight Center's involvement in design, development, and test activities.
In-Vitro Immunology - Skylab Student Experiment ED-31
Name of Image In-Vitro Immunology - Skylab Student Experiment ED-31
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment In-Vitro Immunology, proposed by Todd A. Meister of Jackson Heights, New York. He suggested an in-vitro observation of the effects of zero-gravity on a presipitin-type antigen-antibody reaction, as compared with the same reaction carried out in an Earth-based laboratory. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Cytoplasmic Streaming - Skylab Student Experiment ED-63
Name of Image Cytoplasmic Streaming - Skylab Student Experiment ED-63
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment (ED-63), Cytoplasmic Streaming, proposed by Cheryl A. Peitz of Arapahoe High School, Littleton, Colorado. Experiment ED-63 was to observe the effect of zero-gravity on cytoplasmic streaming in the aquatic plant named Elodea, commonly called water weed or water thyme. The phenomenon of cytoplasmic streaming is not well understood, but it is recognized as the circulation mechanism of the internal materials or cytoplasm of a cell. Cytoplasm is a gelatinous substance that has the ability to change its viscosity and flow, carrying various cell materials with it. The activity can be stimulated by sunlight or heat. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
X-Rays From Jupiter - Skylab Student Experiment ED-24
Name of Image X-Rays From Jupiter - Skylab Student Experiment ED-24
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment X-Rays from Jupiter, proposed by Jearne Leventhal of Berkeley, California. This experiment was an investigation to detect x-rays from the planet Jupiter and determine any correlation with solar flare activity. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Liquid Motion in Zero-G - Skylab Student Experiment ED-78
Name of Image Liquid Motion in Zero-G - Skylab Student Experiment ED-78
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description W. Brian Dunlap of Youngstown, Ohio, proposed Skylab student experiment ED-78, Liquid Motion in Zero-G, a study of wave motion in a liquid. He was particularly interested in comparing surface waves over a liquid in zero-gravity with those occurring on Earth. In space, with the absence of gravity, a liquid does not necessarily take the shape of its container as it does on Earth. Adhesion forces may hold the liquid in contact with its container, but the liquid can also assume a free-floating condition. It was in this latter state that Dunlap wished to examine the behavior of surface waves. Data were recorded on videotape and subsequently converted to 16-mm film. Dunlap analyzed these data to determine periods of oscillation of free-floating globules and found agreement with the theory to be much better than expected. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Plant Growth/Plant Phototropism - Skylab Student Experiment ED-61 …
Name of Image Plant Growth/Plant Phototropism - Skylab Student Experiment ED-61/62
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart describes the Skylab student experiment ED-61, Plant Growth, and experiment ED-62, Plant Phototropism. Two similar proposals were submitted by Joel G. Wordekemper of West Point, Nebraska, and Donald W. Schlack of Downey, California. Wordekemper's experiment (ED-61) was to see how the lack of gravity would affect the growth of roots and stems of plants. Schlack's experiment (ED-62) was to study the effect of light on a seed developing in zero gravity. The growth container of the rice seeds for their experiment consisted of eight compartments arranged in two parallel rows of four. Each had two windowed surfaces to allow periodic photography of the developing seedlings. In March 1972, NASA and the National Science Teachers Association selected 25 experiment proposals for flight on Skylab. Science advisors from the Marshall Space Flight Center aided and assisted the students in developing the proposals for flight on Skylab.
Testing the Skylab Twin-Pole Sunshade
Name of Image Testing the Skylab Twin-Pole Sunshade
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description Engineers from the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and its contractors were testing the twin-pole sunshade at the Skylab mockup in the MSFC Building 4619. The Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) lost its thermal protection shield during launch on May 14, 1963. Without the heat shield, the temperature inside the OWS became dangerously high, rendering the workshop uninhabitable and threatened deterioration of the interior insulation and adhesive. Engineers from the MSFC, its contractors, and NASA persornel at other centers worked day and night for several days to develop the way to save the Skylab OWS. Eventually, they developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel.
Testing the Skylab Twin-Pole Sunshade
Name of Image Testing the Skylab Twin-Pole Sunshade
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description Engineers from the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and its contractors were testing the twin-pole sunshade at the Skylab mockup in the MSFC Building 4619. The Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) lost its thermal protection shield during launch on May 14, 1963. Without the heat shield, the temperature inside the OWS became dangerously high, rendering the workshop uninhabitable and threatened deterioration of the interior insulation and adhesive. Engineers from the MSFC, its contractors, and NASA persornel at other centers worked day and night for several days to develop the way to save the Skylab OWS. Eventually, they developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel.
The Skylab Airlock Module
Name of Image The Skylab Airlock Module
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This photograph depicts the flight article of the Airlock Module (AM) Flight Article being mated to the Fixed Airlock Shroud and aligned in a clean room of the McDornell Douglas Plant in St. Louis, Missouri. The AM enabled crew members to conduct extravehicular activities outside Skylab as required for experiment support. Separated from the Workshop and the Multiple Docking Adapter by doors, the AM could be evacuated for egress or ingress of a space-suited astronaut through a side hatch. Oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks needed for Skylab's life support system were mounted on the external truss work of the AM. Major components in the AM included Skylab's electric power control and distribution station, environmental control system, communication system, and data handling and recording systems. The Marshall Space Flight Center was responsible for the design and development of the Skylab hardware and experiment management.
The Skylab Airlock Module and Multiple Docking Adapter
Name of Image The Skylab Airlock Module and Multiple Docking Adapter
Date of Image 1972-03-01
Full Description This photograph shows the flight article of the mated Airlock Module (AM) and Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA) being lowering into horizontal position on a transporter. Although the AM and the MDA were separate entities, they were in many respects simply two components of a single module. The AM enabled crew members to conduct extravehicular activities outside Skylab as required for experiment support. Oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks needed for Skylab's life support system were mounted on the external truss work of the AM. Major components in the AM included Skylab's electric power control and distribution station, environmental control system, communication system, and data handling and recording systems. The MDA, forward of the AM, provided docking facilities for the Command and Service Module. It also accommodated several experiment systems, among them the Earth Resource Experiment Package, the materials processing facility, and the control and display console needed for the Apollo Telescope Mount solar astronomy studies. The AM was built by McDornell Douglas and the MDA was built by Martin Marietta. The Marshall Space Flight Center was responsible for the design and development of the Skylab hardware and experiment management.
Skylab Dental Examination
Title Skylab Dental Examination
Description Skylab 2 Commander Charles Conrad is seen undergoing a dental examination by the Medical Officer, Joseph Kerwin in the Skylab Medical Facility. In the absence of an examination chair, Conrad simply rotated his body to an upside down position to facilitate the procedure.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
Astronaut Charles Conrad using the bicycle ergometer
Title Astronaut Charles Conrad using the bicycle ergometer
Description Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., Skylab 2 commander, during an exercise session on the bicycle ergometer in the crew quarters of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) in the Skylab 2 space station cluster in Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1973-06-01
Artist's concept illustrating Skylab earth survey operations from …
Title Artist's concept illustrating Skylab earth survey operations from orbit
Description An artist's drawing illustrating Skylab earth survey operations from Earth orbit. The earth resources (survey) experiments are one group of experiments which will be conducted by the Skylab crewmen.
Date Taken 1970-01-01
Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab multiple doc …
Title Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab multiple docking adapter
Description An artist's concept illustrating a cutaway view of the Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA). The MDA is one of the five major components of the Skylab 1 space station cluster which were launched into Earth orbit. This view includes a list of MDA characteristics to the right of the view.
Date Taken 1971-09-02
Artist's concept of Skylab space station cluster in Earth's orbit
Title Artist's concept of Skylab space station cluster in Earth's orbit
Description An artist's concept of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth's orbit. The cutaway view shows astronaut activity in the Orbital Workshop (OWS). The Skylab cluster is composed of the OWS, Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), and the Command and Service Module (CSM).
Date Taken 1971-10-08
Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Wo …
Title Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS)
Description An artist's concept illustrating a cutaway view of the Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS). The OWS is one of the five major components of the Skylab 1 space station cluster which was launched by a Saturn V on May 14, 1973 into Earth orbit. This view includes a list of OWS characteristics to the right of the view.
Date Taken 1971-09-02
Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab Apollo Teles …
Title Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab Apollo Telescope Mount
Description An artist's concept illustrating a cutaway view of the Skylab Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM). The ATM is one of the five major components of the Skylab 1 space station cluster which were launched into Earth orbit. This view includes a list of ATM characteristics to the right of the view.
Date Taken 1971-09-02
Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab Airlock Modu …
Title Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab Airlock Module
Description An artist's concept illustrating a cutaway view of the Skylab Airlock Module (AM). The AM is one of the five major components of the Skylab 1 space station cluster which were launched into Earth orbit. This view includes a list of AM characteristics to the right of the view.
Date Taken 1971-09-02
Astronaut Robert Crippen holds training model of Skylab experimen …
Title Astronaut Robert Crippen holds training model of Skylab experiment
Description Astronaut Robert L. Crippen, SMEAT crew commander, holds the training model of Skylab experiment T003, the aerosol analysis test, in this preview of activity the Skylab Medical Experiment Altitude Test (SMEAT).
Date Taken 1972-06-15
Skylab 3 crewmen during press conference
Title Skylab 3 crewmen during press conference
Description These three men are the prime crewmen for the U.S. second manned Skylab mission (Skylab 3). Fielding questions from newsmen at a press conference are: (from the right to left) Astronaut Alan L. Bean, commander, Scientist-Astronaut Owen K. Garriott, science pilot, and Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, pilot.
Date Taken 1972-12-01
Emblem for the first manned Skylab mission
Title Emblem for the first manned Skylab mission
Description This is the emblem for the first manned Skylab mission. It wil be a mission of up to 28 days. The patch, designed by artist Kelly Freas, shows the Skylab silhouetted against the earth's globe, which in turn is eclipsing the Sun - showing the brilliant signet-ring pattern of the instant before total eclipse.
Date Taken 1972-02-01
Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Wo …
Title Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS)
Description An artist's concept illustrating a cutaway view of the Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS). The OWS is one of the five major components of the Skylab 1 space station cluster which was launched by a Saturn V on May 14, 1973 into Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Parasol construction in bldg 10 for Skylab 2 flight
Title Parasol construction in bldg 10 for Skylab 2 flight
Description Technicians in the Technical Services shop in bldg 10 work on the fabrication of the umbrella-like mechanical device called the "parasol" during Skylab 2 preflight preparations at JSC. Here, they are attaching the telescoping extension rods to the canopy. The "parasol" is one of several sunscreen possibilities being considered for use in shading the overheated Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Skylab 2 Astronaut Paul Weitz suiting up at KSC during prelaunch
Title Skylab 2 Astronaut Paul Weitz suiting up at KSC during prelaunch
Description Astronaut Paul Weitz, pilot of the Skylab 2 mission, is suited up in the Manned Spacecraft Operations Building at the Kennedy Space Center during Skylab 2 prelaunch preparations.
Date Taken 1973-05-25
Skylab 2 Astronaut Joseph Kerwin suiting up at KSC during prelaun …
Title Skylab 2 Astronaut Joseph Kerwin suiting up at KSC during prelaunch
Description Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot of the Skylab 2 mission, is suited up in the Manned Spacecraft Operations Building at the Kennedy Space Center during Skylab 2 prelaunch preparations.
Date Taken 1973-05-25
Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Wo …
Title Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS)
Description An artist's concept illustrating a cutaway view of the Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS). The OWS is one of the five major components of the Skylab 1 space station cluster which was launched by a Saturn V on May 14, 1973 into Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Emblem for the NASA Skylab program
Title Emblem for the NASA Skylab program
Description This is the Official emblem for the NASA Skylab program. The emblem depicts the United States Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit with the Sun in the background.
Date Taken 1973-04-25
Skylab 1 prime crew
Title Skylab 1 prime crew
Description These three astronauts were named as the prime crew of the first manned Skylab mission. They are, left to right, Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot, Charles Conrad Jr., commander, and Paul J. Weitz, pilot. Note the model of the Skylab space vehicle on the table between the astronauts.
Date Taken 1973-05-01
Interior view of Orbital Workshop of the Skylab 1 space station c …
Title Interior view of Orbital Workshop of the Skylab 1 space station cluster
Description An interior view of the Orbital Workshop of the Skylab 1 space station cluster in Earth orbit can be seen in this reproduction taken from a color television transmission made by a TV camera aboard the space station. Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., Skylab 2 commander, is floating up through the hatch. Food lockers are in the foreground.
Date Taken 1973-05-26
Skylab 2 Astronaut during EVA at Skylab 1 and 2 space station clu …
Title Skylab 2 Astronaut during EVA at Skylab 1 and 2 space station cluster
Description Slylab 2 Astronaut performs extravehicular activity (EVA) at the Skylab 1 and 2 space station cluster in Earth orbit, as seen in this reproduction taken from a color television transmission made by a TV camera aboard the station. Kerwin is just outside the Airlock Module.
Date Taken 1973-06-11
Launch of unmanned Skylab 1 space vehicle
Title Launch of unmanned Skylab 1 space vehicle
Description The unmanned Skylab 1/Saturn V space vehicle is launched from Pad A, Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, at 12:00 noon, May 14, 1973, to place the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1973-05-14
Skylab 4 crew portrait
Title Skylab 4 crew portrait
Description These three men are the prime crewmen for the Skylab 4 mission. Pictured in their flight suits with a globe and a model of the Skylab space station are, left to right, Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, commander, Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, science pilot, and Astronaut William R. Pogue, pilot.
Date Taken 1973-08-28
Skylab 2 Solar Physics Experiment
Title Skylab 2 Solar Physics Experiment
Description Skylab 2 Solar Physics Experiment. This black and white view of a solar flare was taken from the skylab remote solar experiment module mounted on top of the vehicle and worked automatically without any interaction from the crew. Solar flares or sunspots are eruptions on the sun's surface and appear to occur in cycles. When these cycles occur, there is worldwide electromagnetic interference affecting radio and television transmission.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
Astronaut Jack Lousma looks at map of Earth in ward room of Skyla …
Title Astronaut Jack Lousma looks at map of Earth in ward room of Skylab cluster
Description Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, looks at a map of Earth at the food table in the ward room of the Orbital Workshop (OWS). In this photographic reproduction taken from a television transmission made by a color TV camera aboard the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1973-08-01
Astronaut Jack Lousma egresses Skylab 3 Command Module
Title Astronaut Jack Lousma egresses Skylab 3 Command Module
Description Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, egresses the Skylab 3 Command Module aboard the prime recovery ship, U.S.S. New Orleans, during recovery operations in the Pacific Ocean. Note surgical masks on those assisting Lousma. This is to prevent the astronauts from contracting infections.
Date Taken 1973-09-25
Artist's concept of Skylab 4 astronauts observing Comet Kohoutek
Title Artist's concept of Skylab 4 astronauts observing Comet Kohoutek
Description An artist's concept illustrating how the Skylab 4 astronauts will observe through the scientific airlock of the Orbital Workshop the passing of the newly-discovered Comet Kohoutek. The favorable location of the Skylab space station in Earth orbit will help provide a comprehensive investigation of the nature and evolution of the coma and tails as the comet approaches, passes, and recedes from the Sun.
Date Taken 1973-11-27
Photograph of Comet Kohoutek taken from Skylab
Title Photograph of Comet Kohoutek taken from Skylab
Description Photograph of taken of the Comet Kohoutek from Skylab space station in Earth orbit by a Skylab 4 crewmen.
Date Taken 1973-12-21
Astronaut Edward Gibson stands at Apollo Telescope Mount in Skyla …
Title Astronaut Edward Gibson stands at Apollo Telescope Mount in Skylab
Description Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, Skylab 4 science pilot, stands at the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) console in the Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA) of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1974-02-11
Skylab 4 crewmen aboard the U.S.S. New Orleans
Title Skylab 4 crewmen aboard the U.S.S. New Orleans
Description The crewmen of the third and final manned Skylab mission relax on the U.S.S. New Orleans, prime recovery ship for their mission, about an hour after Command Module splashed down. Note the support crew behind the astronauts are all wearing surgical masks. This is to prevent passing on any illness to the crew.
Date Taken 1974-02-08
Emblem for the second manned Skylab mission, Skylab 3
Title Emblem for the second manned Skylab mission, Skylab 3
Description This is the emblem for the second manned Skylab mission. It will be a mission of up to 56 days. The patch symbolizes the main objectives of the flight. The central figure, adapted from one by Leonardo da Vinci, illustrates the proportions of the human form and suggests the many studies of man himself to be conducted in the zero-gravity environment of space. This drawing is superimposed on two hemispheres representing the two additional main areas of research - studies of the Sun and the development of techniques for survey of the Earth's resources. The left hemisphere show the Sun as it will be seen in the red light radiated by hydrogen atoms in the solar atmosphere. The right hemisphere is intended to suggest the studies of Earth resources to be conducted on Skylab. Although the patch denotes this mission as Skylab II, it is actually consided to be the Skylab III mission.
Date 02.01.1973
Skylab 4 astronauts during an "open house" press day in Skylab mo …
Title Skylab 4 astronauts during an "open house" press day in Skylab mock-up
Description These three men make up the crew of the Skylab 4 mission. They are, left to right, Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, science pilot, Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, commander, and Astronaut William R. Pogue, pilot. They were photographed and interviewed during an "open house" press day in the realistic atmosphere of Skylab mock-up and trainers in the Mission Simulation and Training facility at the Manned Spacecraft Center.
Date 01.19.1972
Skylab-4 Mission EVA
Name of Image Skylab-4 Mission EVA
Date of Image 1974-07-26
Full Description In this photograph, a skylab-4 astronaut performs Extra Vehicular Activities (EVA) outside of the lab. The third crew (Skylab-4) spent 84 days in the orbiting laboratory. The solar observatory was designed for full exposure to the Sun throughout most of the Skylab mission. Solar energy was transformed into electrical power for operation of all spacecraft systems. The proper operation of these solar arrays was vital to the mission.
Skylab Orbital Workshop Assembly
Name of Image Skylab Orbital Workshop Assembly
Date of Image 1972-09-01
Full Description This photograph shows the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) assembled, with its Thruster Attitude Control System (TACS) and radiator, ready for placing on the transporter. Twenty-two titanium spheres above the radiator housed the nitrogen required for operation of the TACS. At one end of the OWS, the TACS provided short-term control of the attitude of the Skylab.
Skylab-1 on Pad Ready for Launch
Name of Image Skylab-1 on Pad Ready for Launch
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description In 1973, Skylab, America's first space station, was launched aboard a two-stage Saturn V vehicle. Saturn IB rockets were used to launch three different three-man crews to the Skylab space station.
Skylab Logo
Name of Image Skylab Logo
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description In 1973, Skylab, America's first space station, was launched aboard a two-stage Saturn V vehicle. Saturn IB rockets were used to launch three different three-man crews to the Skylab space station.
Assembly of the Skylab Orbital Workshop
Name of Image Assembly of the Skylab Orbital Workshop
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This photographs shows technicians positioning the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) on a rotating work dolly during the assembly phase of the OWS at the McDornell Douglas facility in California. The OWS was the living and working quarters for the astronauts. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments.
The Skylab Airlock Module
Name of Image The Skylab Airlock Module
Date of Image 1971-01-01
Full Description This 1971 photograph was taken during the assembly of the Flight Article of the Skylab Airlock Module (AM). The Am, fabricated by McDornell Douglas under the direction of the Marshall Flight Center, allowed Skylab crew members an exit to perform extravehicular activities. The Module also contained many of the supplies and control panels for electrical power distribution and internal environment.
Assembling the Skylab Cluster
Name of Image Assembling the Skylab Cluster
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description In this photograph, a technician is securing a forward access hatch handle on the Orbital Workshop (OWS), that cornected to the Airlock Module (AM). The OWS provided living and working quarters for the Skylab crews. The AM provided an airlock for extravehicular activities, the main systems for communication and data transmittal, environmental and thermal control systems, and the electric power control system. The Marshall Space Flight Center had responsibilities for the design and development of the Skylab hardware, and management of experiments.
Skylab Food Heating and Serving Tray
Name of Image Skylab Food Heating and Serving Tray
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description Shown here is the Skylab food heating and serving tray in its stowed position. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter - Internal Aft View
Name of Image Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter - Internal Aft View
Date of Image 1972-09-01
Full Description This September 1972 photograph shows the internal configuration of Skylab's Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA) flight article as it appeared during the Crew Compartment and Function Review at the Martin-Marietta Corporation's Space Center facility in Denver, Colorado. Designed and manufactured by the Marshall Space Flight Center, the MDA housed a number of experiment control and stowage units and provided a docking port for the Apollo Command Module.
A Solar Prominence Taken by the Skylab Telescope
Name of Image A Solar Prominence Taken by the Skylab Telescope
Date of Image 1973-08-21
Full Description This photograph shows a solar prominence in action, one of Skylab's many splendorous views. It was taken on August 21, 1973. Interpretation of the rich store of Skylab ultraviolet solar data was facilitated by computerized color enhancement of the original black-and-white images, highlighting subtle but important brightness differences.
Space Station/Skylab Sketch
Name of Image Space Station/Skylab Sketch
Date of Image 1966-01-01
Full Description Seldom in aerospace history has a major decision been as promptly and concisely recorded as with the Skylab shown in this sketch. At a meeting at the Marshall Space Flight Center on August 19, 1966, George E. Mueller, NASA Associate Administrator for Marned Space Flight, used a felt pen and poster paper to pin down the final conceptual layout for the budding space station's (established as the Skylab in 1970) major elements. General Davy Jones, first program director, added his initials and those of Dr. Mueller in the lower right corner. The goals of the Skylab were to enrich our scientific knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and cosmic space, to study the effects of weightlessness on living organisms, including man, to study the effects of the processing and manufacturing of materials utilizing the absence of gravity, and to conduct Earth resource observations. The Skylab also conducted 19 selected experiments submitted by high school students. Skylab's 3 different 3-man crews spent up to 84 days in Earth orbit. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) had responsibility for developing and integrating most of the major components of the Skylab: the Orbital Workshop (OWS), Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), Payload Shroud (PS), and most of the experiments. MSFC was also responsible for providing the Saturn IB launch vehicles for three Apollo spacecraft and crews and a Saturn V launch vehicle for the Skylab.
Ultraviolet (UV) X-Ray Solar Photography - Experiment S020
Name of Image Ultraviolet (UV) X-Ray Solar Photography - Experiment S020
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This chart details Skylab's Ultraviolet (UV) X-Ray Solar Photography experiment (S020) in an Apollo Telescope Mount facility. It was designed to photograph normal and explosive areas within the solar atmosphere in the UV and x-ray spectra. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
X-Ray Spectrographic Telescope - Experiment S054
Name of Image X-Ray Spectrographic Telescope - Experiment S054
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart details Skylab's X-Ray Spectrographic Telescope, an Apollo Telescope Mount facility. It was designed to sequentially photograph solar flares and other active regions in the x-ray spectrum. The Marshall Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab Experiments
Name of Image Skylab Experiments
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This chart lists the various experiments that flew on Skylab, along with their assigned numerical designations. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Bacteria and Spores - Skylab Student Experiment ED-31
Name of Image Bacteria and Spores - Skylab Student Experiment ED-31
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description Pictures 1 and 2 show samples of Bacillus Subtillus grown during the first performance of Robert Staehle's experiment (ED-31) aboard Skylab. Pictures 3 and 4 show colonies of the same bacteria that developed during the second performance of the experiment. The experiment ED-31 was proposed by Robert L. Staehle of Rochester, New York to determine the effect of the Skylab environment (particularly weightlessness) on the survival, growth rates, and mutations of certain bacteria and spores.
Astronaut Paul Weitz gets physical examination from Astronaut Jos …
Title Astronaut Paul Weitz gets physical examination from Astronaut Joseph Kerwin
Description Astronaut Paul J. Weitz, Skylab 2 pilot, gets a physical examination by a fellow crewman during the 28-day Skylab 2 mission. Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, Skylab 2 science pilot and a doctor of medicine, uses a stethoscope to check the Weitz's heartbeat. They are in the Orbital Workshop crew quarters of the Skylab 1 and 2 space station in Earth orbit. This photograph was taken by Charles Conrad Jr., Skylab 2 commander.
Date Taken 1973-06-01
Astronaut Charles Conrad trims hair of Astronaut Paul Weitz
Title Astronaut Charles Conrad trims hair of Astronaut Paul Weitz
Description Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., Skylab 2 commander, trims the hair of Astronaut Paul J. Weitz, Skylab 2 pilot, during the 28-day Skylab 2 mission in Earth orbit. They are in the crew quarters wardroom of the Orbital Workshop of the Skylab 1 and 2 space station. Weitz is holding a vacuum hose in his right hand. This picture was taken by Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, Skylab 2 science pilot.
Date Taken 1973-06-01
View of Astronaut Owen Garriott taking video of two Skylab spider …
Title View of Astronaut Owen Garriott taking video of two Skylab spiders experiment
Description View of Scientist-Astronaut Owen K. Garriott, Skylab 3 science pilot, taking TV footage of Arabella and Anita, the two Skylab 3 common cross spiders "aranous diadematus," aboard the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit. During the 59 day Skylab 3 mission the two spiders Arabella and Anita, were housed in an enclosure onto which a motion picture and still camera were attached to record the spiders' attempts to build a web in the weightless environment. Note the automatic data acquisition camera (DAC) about 3.5 feet to Garriott's right (about waist level).
Date Taken 1973-08-16
View of Arabella, one of two Skylab spiders and her web
Title View of Arabella, one of two Skylab spiders and her web
Description A close-up view of Arabella, one of the two Skylab 3 common cross spiders "aranous diadematus," and the web it had spun in the zero gravity of space aboard the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit. During the 59 day Skylab 3 mission the two spiders Arabella and Anita, were housed in an enclosure onto which a motion picture and still camera were attached to record the spiders' attempts to build a web in the weightless environment.
Date Taken 1973-08-16
Artist's concept of deployment of twin pole thermal shield on Sky …
Title Artist's concept of deployment of twin pole thermal shield on Skylab
Description An artist's concept of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit illustrating the deployment of the twin pole thermal shield to shade the Orbital Workshop (OWS) from the Sun. This is one of the sunshade possibilities considered to solve the problem of the overheated OWS. Here the two Skylab 2 astronauts have completely deployed the sunshade. Note the evidence of another Skylab problem - the solar panels on the OWS are not deployed as required (26127), In this view the Skylab astronauts have partially deployed the sunshade (26128).
Date Taken 1973-05-18
Double exposure to illustrate size difference between Skylab 1 an …
Title Double exposure to illustrate size difference between Skylab 1 and 2
Description A deliberate double exposure to help illustrate the comparative sizes and configurations of the Skylab 1 and Skylab 2 space vehicles at Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The double exposure creates an illusion that the rockets are side by side, though actually they are 1 1/2 miles apart. The Skylab 1/Saturn 1B space vehicle on Pad A is on the left. On the right is the Skylab 2/Saturn 1B space vehicle on Pad B.
Date Taken 1973-05-07
Skylab 2 prime crew photographed at Launch Complex 39 KSC
Title Skylab 2 prime crew photographed at Launch Complex 39 KSC
Description The three prime crew members of the first manned Skylab mission (Skylab 2) are photographed at Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Cneter, during preflight activity. They are, left to right, Astronaut Paul J. Weitz, pilot, Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., commander, and Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot. In the background is the Skylab 1/Saturn V space vehicle with its Skylab space station payload on Pad A.
Date Taken 1973-05-04
Prime crew of the Skylab 2 mission stand beside T-38 prior to tak …
Title Prime crew of the Skylab 2 mission stand beside T-38 prior to take off
Description Members of the prime crew of the first manned Skylab Mission (Skylab 2) stand beside a NASA T-38 jet aircraft trainer at nearby Ellington Air Force Base prior to take off for the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. They are (left to right) Astronauts Paul J. Weitz, mission pilot, Charles Conrad Jr., commander, and scientist Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot. The three crewmen have completed their pre-launch training at JSC.
Date Taken 1973-05-13
Skylab 3 crewmen practice EVA procedures
Title Skylab 3 crewmen practice EVA procedures
Description The three prime crewmen of the Skylab 3 mission practice procedures which will be used during the extravehicular activity (EVA) portion of the scheduled Skylab rate gyro six-pac installation. They are Scientist-Astronaut Owen K. Garriott (center), Astronaut Alan L. Bean (center background) and Astronaut Jack R. Lousma (right). Garriott is working with a mock-up of a trunion plug plate which is on the space station's deployment assembly. This picture was taken during Skylab 3 prelaunch training at JSC. In the left foreground with back to camera is Astronaut Russell L. Schweickart, who is assisting with the Skylab 3 training. Another training officer is in the left background (31322), Lousma practices procedures for EVA in his extravehicular mobility unit (EMU). He is working with a mock-up of a trunion plug plate which is on the space station's deployment assembly (31323).
Date Taken 1973-06-30
Astronaut Jack Lousma seen outside Skylab space station during EV …
Title Astronaut Jack Lousma seen outside Skylab space station during EVA
Description Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, is seen outside the Skylab space station in Earth orbit during the August 5, 1973 Skylab 3 extravehicular activity (EVA) in this photographic reproduction taken from a television transmission made by a color TV camera aboard the space station. Scientist-Astronaut Owen K. Garriott, Skylab 3 science pilot, participated in the EVA with Lousma. During the EVA the two crewmen deployed the twin pole solar shield to help shade the Orbital Workshop.
Date Taken 1973-08-06
Skylab 3 crewmen during press conference while in Earth's orbit
Title Skylab 3 crewmen during press conference while in Earth's orbit
Description Astronaut Alan L. Bean, right, Skylab 3 commander, answers a question during the September 21, 1973 press conference from the Skylab space station in Earth orbit. This is a black and white reproduction taken from a television transmission made by a TV camera aboard the Skylab space station. Scientist-Astronaut Owen K. Garriott, center, science pilot, and Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, left, pilot, await questions from newsmen on the ground to be sent up by Scientist-Astronaut Story Musgrave, CAPCOM for this shift of Skylab 3.
Date Taken 1973-09-21
View of Arabella, one of the two Skylab 3 spiders used in experim …
Title View of Arabella, one of the two Skylab 3 spiders used in experiment
Description A close-up view of Arabella, one of the two Skylab 3 common cross spiders "Araneus diadematus," and the web it had spun in the zero gravity of space aboard the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit. This is a photographic reproduction made from a color television transmission aboard Skylab. Arabella and Anita, were housed in an enclosure onto which a motion picture camera and a still camera were attached to record the spiders' attempts to build a web in the weightless environment.
Date Taken 1973-08-08
Flight controllers discuss procedures for repair of coolant syste …
Title Flight controllers discuss procedures for repair of coolant system in Skylab
Description The procedures for repairing the coolant system aboard the Airlock Module of the Skylab space station in Earth orbit are discussed by flight controllers in the Mission Operations Control Room in the Mission Control Center at JSC. Skylab 4 Flight Director Neil Hutchinson is on the right. Astronaut Russell L. Schweickart is wearing the sports shirt. Astronaut Bruce McCandless II, a Skylab 4 CAPCOM, is seated next to Schweickart. Items of equipment in the foreground are similar to components of a special coolant re-servicing kit which was taken to Earth orbit by the Skylab 4 crewmen. The kit consists of a tank containing 42 pounds of COOLANOL, a series of saddle valves, bolts and spacers, and leak-check hoses. The re-supply tank is a modified command module reaction control subsystem (RCS) fuel tank.
Date Taken 1973-11-19
Launch of the Skylab 4/Saturn 1B space vehicle
Title Launch of the Skylab 4/Saturn 1B space vehicle
Description The Skylab 4/Saturn 1B space vehicle is launched from Pad B, Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, at 9:01;23 a.m., Friday, November 16, 1973. Skylab 4 is the third and last of three scheduled manned Skylab missions. In addition to the Command/Service module and its launch escape system, the Skylab 4 space vehicle consisted of the Saturn 1B first (S-1B) stage and the Saturn 1B second (S-IVB) stage.
Date Taken 1973-11-16
Skylab 4 crewmen passing trash bags in to the OWS waste disposal …
Title Skylab 4 crewmen passing trash bags in to the OWS waste disposal tank
Description Two Skylab 4 crewmen are seen passing trash bags through the trash airlock of the Orbital Workshop (OWS) of the Skylab space station in Earth orbit. The trash airlock leads to the OWS waste disposal tank. Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot, holds onto the OWS crew quarters ceiling as he prepares to jump onto the OWS airlock hatch cover to force another trash bag further down into the airlock. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander, is assisting. Carr is holding onto the trash bags. A third trash bag is floating in the zero-gravity environment near Pogue's right leg. The wardroom can be seen behind Pogue.
Date Taken 1974-02-11
General Description S73-16765 (02/01/73) - Astronaut Charles Conrad, Jr. is seen working with the control panels of the Skylab Orbital Workshop trainer during Skylab training at the Johnson Space Center.
Internal Arrangement of Skylab Workshop Crew Quarters
Name of Image Internal Arrangement of Skylab Workshop Crew Quarters
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This image depicts a layout of the Skylab workshop 1-G trainer crew quarters. At left, in the sleep compartment, astronauts slept strapped to the walls of cubicles and showered at the center. Next right was the waste management area where wastes were processed and disposed. Upper right was the wardroom where astronauts prepared their meals and foods were stored. In the experiment operation area, upper left, against the far wall, was the lower-body negative-pressure device (Skylab Experiment M092) and the Ergometer for the vectorcardiogram experiment (Skylab Experiment M063). The trainers and mockups were useful in the developmental phase, while engineers and astronauts were still working out optimum designs. They provided much data applicable to the manufacture of the flight articles.
Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Name of Image Skylab Earth Resource Experiment Package (EREP) Photograph
Date of Image 1973-06-01
Full Description This EREP high-definition color photograph of the Uncompahgre Plateau area of Colorado was taken in June of 1973 by the Earth Terrain Camera (Skylab Experiment S190B) of the Skylab's Multi-spectral Photographic Facility during the Skylab-2 mission. High-definition color film was considered best for delineation of vegetation boundaries. In most cases, Skylab stereoscopic data provided the best identification of vegetation complexes and delineation of vegetation boundaries, particularly in areas where changes in release were related to changes in vegetation type (a common occurrence in wild-land vegetation communities).
Cheryl A. Peltz Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Cheryl A. Peltz Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Littleton, Colorado high school student, Cheryl A. Peltz, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Peltz was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Keith D. McGee Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Keith D. McGee Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Garland, Texas high school student, Keith D. McGee, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. McGee was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab Mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Roger Johnston Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Roger Johnston Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1962-06-02
Full Description St. Paul, Minnesota high school student, Roger Johnston, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Johnston was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Kathy L. Jackson Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Kathy L. Jackson Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Houston, Texas high school student, Kathy L. Jackson, is greeted by astronauts Russell L. Schweickart (left) and Owen K. Garriott (center), and Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew during a tour of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Jackson was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Gregory A. Merkel Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Gregory A. Merkel Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Springfield, Massachusetts high school student, Gregory A. Merkel, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Merkel was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab Mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Jeanne Leventhal Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Jeanne Leventhal Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Berkley, California high school student, Jeanne L. Leventhal, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, and Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew during a tour of MSFC. Leventhal was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
John C. Hamilton Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image John C. Hamilton Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Aiea, Hawaii high school student, John C. Hamilton, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Hamilton was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Troy A. Crites Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Troy A. Crites Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-05-02
Full Description Kent, Washinton high school student, Troy A. Crites, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Crites was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
James E. Healy Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image James E. Healy Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Bayport, New York high school student, James E. Healy, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Healy was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
W. Brian Dunlap Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image W. Brian Dunlap Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Youngstown, Ohio high school student, W. Brian Dunlap, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Dunlap was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Terry Quist Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Terry Quist Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description San Antonio, Texas high school student, Terry C. Quist, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Quist was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Kirk M. Sherhart Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Kirk M. Sherhart Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Berkley, Michigan high school student, Kirk M. Sherhart, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Sherhart was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Converse Discusses Experiment With NASA Personnel
Name of Image Converse Discusses Experiment With NASA Personnel
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Rockford, Illinois high school student, Vincent Converse, discussed his proposed Skylab experiment with Dr. Robert Head (right) and Gene Greshman of Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). His experiment, ?Zero Gravity Mass Measurement? used a simple leaf spring with the mass to be weighed attached to the end. The electronic package oscillated the spring at a specific rate and the results were recorded electronically. Converse was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of equipment, such as that of Converse?s experiment.
Converse and Head at Space and Rocket Center
Name of Image Converse and Head at Space and Rocket Center
Date of Image 1972-05-02
Full Description Vincent W. Converse, high school student from Rockford, Illinois, discussed a mass measurement device he proposed for the Skylab mission with Dr. Robert Head of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) during his visit to the center. The lunar surface scene in the background is one of many space exhibits at the Alabama Space and Rocket Center in nearby Huntsville, Alabama. Converse was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Neal W. Shannon Greeted by Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Neal W. Shannon Greeted by Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Atlanta, Georgia high school student, Neal W. Shannon, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Shannon was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Donald W. Shellack Greeted by Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Donald W. Shellack Greeted by Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Downey, California high school student, Donald W. Shellack, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Shellack was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Sherhart and Head at Space and Rocket Center
Name of Image Sherhart and Head at Space and Rocket Center
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Kirk M. Sherhart, high school student from Berkley, Michigan, discussed a his proposed Skylab experiment with Dr. Robert Head of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) during his visit to the center. The lunar surface scene in the background is one of many space exhibits at the Alabama Space and Rocket Center in nearby Huntsville, Alabama. Sherhart was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Keith L.Stein Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Keith L.Stein Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Westbury, New York high school student, Keith L.Stein , is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Stein was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Miles Discusses Experiment With NASA Personnel
Name of Image Miles Discusses Experiment With NASA Personnel
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Lexington, Massachusetts high school student, Judith Miles, discusses her proposed Skylab experiment with Keith Demorest (right) and Henry Floyd, both of Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). In her experiment, called the ?Web Formation in Zero Gravity?, called for spiders to be released into a box and their actions recorded to determine how well they adapt to the absence of gravity. Spiders are known to adapt quickly to other changes in the environment but nothing was known of their ability to adapt to weightlessness. At the same time spiders were weaving webs in Earth orbit, similar spiders were spinning webs in identical boxes on Earth under full gravity conditions. Miles was among the 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab Mission. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of equipment.
Brian Dunlap Examines Experimtal Equipment
Name of Image Brian Dunlap Examines Experimtal Equipment
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Youngstown, Ohio high school student, W. Brian Dunlap (center), discusses with Dr. Robert Head (right), and Henry Floyd, both of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), his experiment to be performed aboard the Skylab the following year. His experiment, ?Wave Motion Trough A Liquid in Zero Gravity? used a container attached to the end of a leaf spring which was oscillated at specific rates using two thickness differentiated types of liquids. Dunlap was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment. The equipment for the experiments was manufactured at MSFC.
Daniel C. Bochsler Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Daniel C. Bochsler Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Silverton, Oregon high school student, Daniel C. Bochsler, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Bochsler was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Joe Reihs Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Joe Reihs Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Baton Rouge, Louisiana high school student, Joe W. Reihs, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Reihs was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Joel C. Wordekemper Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Joel C. Wordekemper Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description West Point, Nebraska high school student, Joel C. Wordekemper, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Wordekemper was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Robert L. Staehle Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Robert L. Staehle Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description North Rochester, New York high school student, Robert L. Staehle, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Staehle was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Joe B. Zmolek Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Name of Image Joe B. Zmolek Greeted By Astronauts and MSFC Personnel
Date of Image 1972-06-02
Full Description Oshkosh, Wisconsin high school student, Joe B. Zmolek, is greeted by (left to right): Astronauts Russell L. Schweickart, and Owen K. Garriott, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Skylab Program Manager, Leland Belew, and MSFC Director of Administration and Technical Services, David Newby, during a tour of MSFC. Zmolek was among 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. The nationwide scientific competition was sponsored by the National Science Teachers Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The winning students, along with their parents and sponsor teachers, visited MSFC where they met with scientists and engineers, participated in design reviews for their experiments, and toured MSFC facilities. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of additional equipment.
Kathy Jackson Discusses Experiment With NASA Personnel
Name of Image Kathy Jackson Discusses Experiment With NASA Personnel
Date of Image 1972-08-21
Full Description Kathy Jackson, high school student from Houston, Texas, discusses her experiment with Dr. Robert Allen (left) and her scintific advisor Arthur White, both of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Miss Jackson?s experiment tested the motor sensory performance of an astronaut at various times during the Skylab flight to detect any degredation in his eye-hand coordination. She was one of the 25 winners of a contest in which some 3,500 high school students proposed experiments for the following year?s Skylab mission. Of the 25 students, 6 did not see their experiments conducted on Skylab because the experiments were not compatible with Skylab hardware and timelines. Of the 19 remaining, 11 experiments required the manufacture of equipment.
Launch of the Skylab-1
Name of Image Launch of the Skylab-1
Date of Image 1973-05-14
Full Description This photograph shows the launch of the SA-513, a modified unmarned two-stage Saturn V vehicle for the Skylab-1 mission, which placed the Skylab cluster into the Earth orbit on May 14, 1973. The initial step in the Skylab mission was the launch of a two-stage Saturn V booster, consisting of the S-IC first stage and the S-II second stage, from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Its payload was the unmanned Skylab, which consisted of the Orbital Workshop, the Airlock Module, the Multiple Docking Adapter, the Apollo Telescope Mount and an Instrument Unit.
Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Film Retrieval
Name of Image Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Film Retrieval
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This onboard photograph depicts Astronaut Owen Garriott atop the Apollo Telescope Mount, removing a film magazine (white box) from one of Skylab's solar telescopes during an Extravehicular Activity (EVA) in the second marned Skylab mission (Skylab-3). A long boom transported it back into the waiting hands of another crew member at the airlock door below. During the operation, Garriott, film, boom, and Skylab were 435 kilometers high and speeding around the Earth at 29,000 kilometers per/hour. Because they moved together with no wind resistance, there was little sense of motion.
Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Film Retrieval
Name of Image Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Film Retrieval
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This onboard photograph depicts Astronaut Owen Garriott atop the Apollo Telescope Mount, removing a film magazine (white box) from one of Skylab's solar telescopes during an Extravehicular Activity (EVA) in the second marned Skylab mission (Skylab-3). A long boom transported it back into the waiting hands of another crew member at the airlock door below. During the operation, Garriott, film, boom, and Skylab were 435 kilometers high and speeding around the Earth at 29,000 kilometers per/hour. Because they moved together with no wind resistance, there was little sense of motion.
Human Vestibular Function, Rotating Litter Chair - Skylab Experim …
Name of Image Human Vestibular Function, Rotating Litter Chair - Skylab Experiment M131
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This 1970 photograph shows the Rotating Litter Chair, a major component of Skylab's Human Vestibular Function experiment (M131). The experiment was a set of medical studies designed to determine the effect of long-duration space missions on astronauts' coordination abilities. The M131 experiment tested the astronauts susceptibility to motion sickness in the Skylab environment, acquired data fundamental to an understanding of the functions of human gravity reception under prolonged absence of gravity, and tested for changes in the sensitivity of the semicircular canals. Data from this experiment was collected before, during, and after flight. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
The Skylab Orbital Workshop Experiment Area
Name of Image The Skylab Orbital Workshop Experiment Area
Date of Image 1972-05-01
Full Description This is a wide-angle view of the Orbital Workshop lower level experiment area. In center foreground is the ergometer bicycle. In center background is a litter chair for the Human Vestibular Function experiment (Skylab Experiment M131) and in right background is the Lower Body Negative Pressure System experiment (Skylab Experiment M092). The ergometer bicycle was used for metabolic activity experiments and exercise. The purpose of the Human Vestibular (irner ear) Function experiment was to examine the effect of weightlessness on man's sensitivity and susceptibility to motion rotation, and his perception of orientation. The Lower Body Negative Pressure experiment investigated the relationship between the zero gravity environment and cardiovascular deconditioning. A characteristic of cardiovascular deconditoning is the partial failure of the blood vessels resulting in the excessive pooling of the blood in the legs when a person assumes an erect posture in a gravity field. The Marshall Space Flight Center had the program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Illustration of the Skylab Parasol Thermal Shield Deployment
Name of Image Illustration of the Skylab Parasol Thermal Shield Deployment
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This image illustrates the deployment of the Skylab parasol thermal shield. Skylab lost its thermal protection shield during its launch on May 14, 1973. The Skylab-2 crew deployed a parasol thermal shield to protect the workshop from overheating. The crew attached the canister containing the parasol to the scientific airlock and extended the folded shield through the opening and into space. Slowly, the struts extended and the sunshade took shape and was in place over the workshop's outer surface. This illustration shows the parasol at partial extension. Emergency procedures to repair and salvage the damaged Skylab were a joint effort of the Marshall Space Flight Center, other NASA centers, and contractors.
Illustration of the Skylab Parasol Thermal Shield Deployment
Name of Image Illustration of the Skylab Parasol Thermal Shield Deployment
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This image illustrates the deployment of the Skylab parasol thermal shield. Skylab lost its thermal protection shield during its launch on May 14, 1973. The Skylab-2 crew deployed a parasol thermal shield to protect the workshop from overheating. The crew attached the canister containing the parasol to the scientific airlock and extended the folded shield through the opening and into space. Slowly, the struts extended, the sunshade took shape, and was in place over the workshop's outer surface. This illustration shows the parasol being fully deployed and retracted for service. Emergency procedures to repair and salvage the damaged Skylab were a joint effort of the Marshall Space Flight Center, other NASA centers, and contractors.
Human Vestibular Function - Skylab Experiment M131
Name of Image Human Vestibular Function - Skylab Experiment M131
Date of Image 1972-01-01
Full Description This set of photographs details Skylab's Human Vestibular Function experiment (M131). This experiment was a set of medical studies designed to determine the effect of long-duration space missions on astronauts' coordination abilities. This experiment tested the astronauts susceptibility to motion sickness in the Skylab environment, acquired data fundamental to an understanding of the functions of human gravity reception under prolonged absence of gravity, and tested for changes in the sensitivity of the semicircular canals. Data from this experiment was collected before, during, and after flight. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab Shroud in Plum Brook Space Power Facility
Title Skylab Shroud in Plum Brook Space Power Facility
Full Description Skylab Shroud installed in the NASA Lewis Research Center's (now known as the Glenn Research Center) Plum Brook Station, Space Power Facility. The shroud protected the upper section of the Skylab space station, including its solar power arrays. When it was constructed, the Space Power Facility (SPF) was the world's largest vacuum chamber. It stands more than 122 feet high, 100 feet in diameter and provides a vacuum environment for the study of space propulsion. Originally commissioned for nuclear-electric propulsion studies, the SPF has been recommissioned for current and future use in the ongoing research and development of space propulsion systems.
Date 12/03/1970
NASA Center Glenn Research Center
Skylab and Earth Limb
Title Skylab and Earth Limb
Full Description An overhead view of the Skylab Orbital Workshop in Earth orbit as photographed from the Skylab 4 Command and Service Modules (CSM) during the final fly-around by the CSM before returning home. The space station is contrasted against the pale blue Earth. During launch on May 14, 1973, some 63 seconds into flight, the micrometeor shield on the Orbital Workshop (OWS) experienced a failure that caused it to be caught up in the supersonic air flow during ascent. This ripped the shield from the OWS and damaged the tie downs that secured one of the solar array systems. Complete loss of one of the solar arrays happened at 593 seconds when the exhaust plume from the S-II's separation rockets impacted the partially deployed solar array system. Without the micrometeoroid shield that was to protect against solar heating as well, temperatures inside the OWS rose to 126 degrees fahrenheit. The gold "parasol" clearly visible in the photo, was designed to replace the missing micrometeoroid shield, protecting the workshop against solar heating. The replacement solar shield was deployed by the Skylab I crew. This enabled the Skylab Orbital Workshop to fulfill all its mission objects serving as home to additional crews before being deorbited in 1978.
Date 02/08/1974
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Skylab 3 Spacewalk
Title Skylab 3 Spacewalk
Description Astronaut Alan L. Bean, Skylab 3 commander, participates in the final Skylab 3 extravehicular activity, during which a variety of tasks were performed. Here, Bean is near the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) during final film change out for the giant telescope facility. Astronaut Owen K. Garriott, who took the picture, is reflected in Bean's helmet visor. The reflected Earth disk in Bean's visor is so clear that the Red Sea and Nile River area can delineated.
Date Taken 1973-09-22
Astronaut Paul Weitz prepares to use bicycle ergometer in Skylab …
Title Astronaut Paul Weitz prepares to use bicycle ergometer in Skylab trainer
Description Astronaut Paul J. Weitz, pilot for the first manned Skylab mission, prepares to check out the bicycle ergometer in the work and experiments area of the crew quarters of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) trainer during Skylab training at the Johnson Space Center. Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot of the mission, is in the background.
Date Taken 1973-03-01
Artist's concept of deployment of twin pole thermal shield on Sky …
Title Artist's concept of deployment of twin pole thermal shield on Skylab
Description An artist's concept of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit illustrating the deployment of the twin pole thermal shield to shade the Orbital Workshop (OWS) from the Sun. This is one of the sunshade possibilities considered to solve the problem of the overheated OWS. Here the two Skylab 2 astronauts have completely deployed the sunshade. Note the evidence of another Skylab problem - the solar panels on the OWS are not deployed as required (26127), In this view the Skylab astronauts have partially deployed the sunshade (26128).
Date Taken 1973-05-18
Skylab 3 crewmen practice EVA procedures
Title Skylab 3 crewmen practice EVA procedures
Description The three prime crewmen of the Skylab 3 mission practice procedures which will be used during the extravehicular activity (EVA) portion of the scheduled Skylab rate gyro six-pac installation. They are Scientist-Astronaut Owen K. Garriott (center), Astronaut Alan L. Bean (center background) and Astronaut Jack R. Lousma (right). Garriott is working with a mock-up of a trunion plug plate which is on the space station's deployment assembly. This picture was taken during Skylab 3 prelaunch training at JSC. In the left foreground with back to camera is Astronaut Russell L. Schweickart, who is assisting with the Skylab 3 training. Another training officer is in the left background (31322), Lousma practices procedures for EVA in his extravehicular mobility unit (EMU). He is working with a mock-up of a trunion plug plate which is on the space station's deployment assembly (31323).
Date Taken 1973-06-30
Skylab 4 crew at start of high altitude chamber test at KSC
Title Skylab 4 crew at start of high altitude chamber test at KSC
Description Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, fully suited, Skylab 4 commander, prepares to enter spacecraft 118 (the Skylab 4 vehicle) at the start of the high altitude chamber test at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) (34093), The Skylab 4 crew, fully suited, are seated inside their Command Module, which has been undergoing high altitude chamber test runs at KSC after being considered as a possible rescue vehicle, if needed for the Skylab 3 crew. Facing the camera is Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, science pilot. Astronauts Carr, commander, and William R. Pogue, pilot, are also pictured (34094).
Date Taken 1973-08-06
Dr. Lubos Kohoutek in Mission Control during Skylab 4
Title Dr. Lubos Kohoutek in Mission Control during Skylab 4
Description Dr. Lubos Kohoutek, discoverer of the Comet Kohoutek, is seen in the Mission Operations Control Room in the Mission Control Center during a visit to JSC. He is talking over a radio-telephone with the Skylab 4 crewmen in the Skylab space station in Earth orbit. Professor Kohoutek, a well-known Czechoslovakian astronomer who works at the Hamburg Observatory in West Germany, discussed the comet with Astronauts Gerald P. Carr, Edward G. Gibson, and William R. Pogue. Dr. Zdenek Sekania, who accompanied Dr. Kohoutek on the visit to JSC, is on the telephone in the left background. Dr. Sekania is with the Smithsonian Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Date Taken 1974-01-03
Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Wo …
Title Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS)
Description An artist's concept illustrating a cutaway view of the Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS). The OWS is one of the five major components of the Skylab 1 space station cluster which was launched by a Saturn V on May 14, 1973 into Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Wo …
Title Artist's concept illustrating cutaway view of Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS)
Description An artist's concept illustrating a cutaway view of the Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS). The OWS is one of the five major components of the Skylab 1 space station cluster which was launched by a Saturn V on May 14, 1973 into Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Skylab 2 Astronaut Joseph Kerwin suiting up at KSC during prelaun …
Title Skylab 2 Astronaut Joseph Kerwin suiting up at KSC during prelaunch
Description Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot of the Skylab 2 mission, is suited up in the Manned Spacecraft Operations Building at the Kennedy Space Center during Skylab 2 prelaunch preparations.
Date Taken 1973-05-25
Launch of unmanned Skylab 1 space vehicle
Title Launch of unmanned Skylab 1 space vehicle
Description The unmanned Skylab 1/Saturn V space vehicle is launched from Pad A, Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, at 12:00 noon, May 14, 1973, to place the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit.
Date Taken 1973-05-14
Flight Directors Puddy and Shaffer in Mission Control during Skyl …
Title Flight Directors Puddy and Shaffer in Mission Control during Skylab 2 launch
Description Flight Directors Donald R. Puddy (left background) and Philip C. Shaffer are seated at the flight director's console in the Mission Opeations Control Room in the Mission Control Center at JSC during Skylab 2 launch activity.
Date Taken 1973-05-25
View of Mission Control Center during Skylab 3 recovery
Title View of Mission Control Center during Skylab 3 recovery
Description Overal view of the Mission Operations Control Room (MOCR) in Mission Control Center (MCC), bldg 30, during the Skylab 3 recovery.
Date Taken 1973-09-27
The Sun Erupts
Title The Sun Erupts
Explanation The sun [ http://www.c3.lanl.gov/~cjhamil/SolarSystem/sun.html ] was captured in 1973 throwing one of the largest eruptive prominences ever recorded. Sol, our sun, [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/htmltest/gifcity/interv.html ] is a normal star. It formed about 5 billion years ago, and will last about another 5 billion years. The sun [ http://www.seds.org/billa/tnp/sol.html ] will never explode, and a solar flare will never destroy the earth. Eventually the sun will become a white dwarf [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#wd ] star. The sun is made of mostly hydrogen [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#hydrogen ] and helium [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#helium ]. The sun's center is so hot that when hydrogen nuclei collide, they stick together and release energy - a process called nuclear fusion [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#fusion ] No one knows why the center of the sun emits so few neutrinos [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/lib/glossary.html#neutrino ]. Tomorrow's picture: Mercury: Closest Planet to the Sun
Astronaut Joseph Kerwin during EVA at Skylab 1 and 2 space statio …
Title Astronaut Joseph Kerwin during EVA at Skylab 1 and 2 space station cluster
Description Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, Skylab 2 science pilot, performs extravehicular activity (EVA) at the Skylab 1 and 2 space station cluster in Earth orbit, as seen in this reproduction taken from a color television transmission made by a TV camera aboard the station. Kerwin is just outside the Airlock Module. Kerwin assisted Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., Skylab 2 commander, during the successful EVA attempt to free the stuck solar array system wing on the Orbital Workshop.
Date 06.07.1973
Astronaut Paul Weitz prepares to use bicycle ergometer in Skylab …
Title Astronaut Paul Weitz prepares to use bicycle ergometer in Skylab trainer
Description Astronaut Paul J. Weitz, pilot for the first manned Skylab mission, prepares to check out the bicycle ergometer in the work and experiments area of the crew quarters of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) trainer during Skylab training at the Johnson Space Center. Scientist-Astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot of the mission, is in the background.
Date 03.01.1973
Internal Arrangement of the Multiple Docking Adapter Illustration
Name of Image Internal Arrangement of the Multiple Docking Adapter Illustration
Date of Image 1970-01-01
Full Description This cutaway drawing details the internal design of the Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA). The MDA, built under the direction of the Marshall Space Flight Center, housed various Skylab control and experiment units, and provided a docking port for the Apollo Command Module (CM).
Skylab Observations of Comet Kohoutek
Name of Image Skylab Observations of Comet Kohoutek
Date of Image 1974-01-01
Full Description This montage is an artist's conception of progressive views of the Comet Kohoutek based on sketches and a description by Skylab-4 astronaut Edward Gibson. An early discovery of a large comet in an orbit that would reach close to the Sun at the end of 1973 prompted NASA to initiate Operation Kohoutek, a program to coordinate widespread observations of the comet from ground observatories, aircraft, balloons, rockets, unmarned satellites, and Skylab.
Extreme Ultraviolet (XUV) Coronal Spectroheliograph - Experiment …
Name of Image Extreme Ultraviolet (XUV) Coronal Spectroheliograph - Experiment S082A
Date of Image 1971-04-01
Full Description This photograph shows Skylab's Extreme Ultraviolet (XUV) Spectroheliograph during an acceptance test and checkout procedures in April 1971. The unit was an Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) instrument designed to sequentially photograph the solar chromosphere and corona in selected ultraviolet wavelengths. The instrument also obtained information about composition, temperature, energy conversion and transfer, and plasma processes of the chromosphere and lower corona. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.
Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter - Interior Aft View
Name of Image Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter - Interior Aft View
Date of Image 1972-09-01
Full Description This September 1972 photograph shows the internal configuration of Skylab's Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA) flight article as it appeared during the Crew Compartment and Function Review at the Martin-Marietta Corporation's Space Center facility in Denver, Colorado. Designed and manufactured by the Marshall Space Flight Center, the MDA housed a number of experiment control and stowage units and provided a docking port for the Apollo Command Module.
Skylab-2 Mission : Commander Conrad in Shower
Name of Image Skylab-2 Mission : Commander Conrad in Shower
Date of Image 1973-06-01
Full Description Astronaut Charles Conrad, Jr., Skylab-2 (SL-2) commander, smiles happily for the camera after a hot bath in the shower in the crew quarters of the Orbital Workshop of the Skylab space station. In deploying the shower facility, the shower curtain was pulled up from the floor and attached to the ceiling. The water came through a push button shower head attached to a flexible hose. Water was drawn off by a vacuum system.
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