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Mercury-Atlas Test Launch
Title Mercury-Atlas Test Launch
Full Description A NASA Project Mercury spacecraft was test launched at 11:15 AM EST on April 25, 1961 from Cape Canaveral, Florida, in a test designed to qualify the Mercury Spacecraft and all systems, which must function during orbit and reentry from orbit. The Mercury-Atlas vehicle was destroyed by Range Safety Officer about 40 seconds after liftoff. The spacecraft was recovered and appeared to be in good condition. Atlas was designed to launch payloads into low Earth orbit, geosynchronous transfer orbit or geosynchronous orbit. NASA first launched Atlas as a space launch vehicle in 1958. Project SCORE, the first communications satellite that transmitted President Eisenhower's pre-recorded Christmas speech around the world, was launched on an Atlas. For all three robotic lunar exploration programs, Atlas was used. Atlas/ Centaur vehicles launched both Mariner and Pioneer planetary probes. The current operational Atlas II family has a 100% mission success rating. For more information about Atlas, please see Chapter 2 in Roger Launius and Dennis Jenkins' book To Reach the High Frontier published by The University Press of Kentucky in 2002.
Date 04/25/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Mercury Redstone 3 Prelaunch …
Title Mercury Redstone 3 Prelaunch Activities
Full Description Mercury-Redstone 3 (MR-3) Prelaunch Activities on the Mercury 5 launch pad.
Date 4/21/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
First Mercury-Atlas Attempte …
Title First Mercury-Atlas Attempted Launch
Full Description An Atlas vehicle is shown as it is raised into its launch gantry. This Atlas attempted to launch a Mercury spacecraft (without any astronauts aboard) into orbital flight. The launch vehicle developed 360,000 pounds of thrust and burned RP-1, a kerosene-like fuel, and liquid oxygen. It was about 60 feet in length and 10 feet in diameter at the tank section. This was the first attempt by NASA to put a Mercury spacecraft into Earth orbit. Unfortunately, this Atlas exploded at launch. Atlas was designed to launch payloads into low Earth orbit, geosynchronous transfer orbit or geosynchronous orbit. NASA first launched Atlas as a space launch vehicle in 1958. Project SCORE, the first communications satellite that transmitted President Eisenhower's pre-recorded Christmas speech around the world, was launched on an Atlas. For all three robotic lunar exploration programs, Atlas was used. Atlas/ Centaur vehicles launched Mariner and Pioneer planetary probes. The current operational Atlas II family has a 100% mission success rating. For more information about Atlas, please see Chapter 2 in Roger Launius and Dennis Jenkins' book To Reach the High Frontier published by The University Press of Kentucky in 2002.
Date 04/23/1961
NASA Center Headquarters
Astronaut John Glenn Undergo …
Title Astronaut John Glenn Undergoes Simulated Orbital Flight Training
Full Description Astronaut John H. Glenn, Jr., undergoes a simulated orbital flight as part of his training for Project Mercury in the Manned Spacecraft Center's procedure trainer at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia.
Date 11/29/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Shepard on Deck of Champlain …
Title Shepard on Deck of Champlain after Recovery
Full Description Astronaut Alan B. Shepard is seen on the deck of the U.S.S. Lake Champlain after the recovery of his Freedom 7 Mercury space capsule.
Date 05/05/1961
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Alan Shepard
Title Alan Shepard
Full Description A closeup of astronaut Alan Shepard in his space suit seated inside the Mercury capsule. He is undergoing a flight simulation test with the capsule mated to the Redstone booster.
Date 4/29/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Mercury 3 Flight Simulation
Title Mercury 3 Flight Simulation
Full Description Alan Shepard, one of the three prime astronauts, is being inserted into a Mercury capsule. A flight simulation test with a full countdown is programmed for Shepard to check out hardware and launch personnel activities in the Redstone launch.
Date 4/29/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Shepard Enters Cleanroom
Title Shepard Enters Cleanroom
Full Description Astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr., makes his way from the elevator to the cleanroom atop the service tower where he'll be inserted into his Mercury space capsule nicknamed "Freedom 7.
Date 5/5/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Shepard Hoisted into Recover …
Title Shepard Hoisted into Recovery Helicopter
Full Description Astronaut Alan B. Shepard is hoisted aboard a U.S. Marine helicopter after splashdown of his "Freedom 7" Mercury space capsule.
Date 05/05/1961
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Ham Retreival
Title Ham Retreival
Full Description The famous "hand shake" welcome. Chimpanzee Ham is greeted by recovery ship Commander after his flight on the Mercury Redstone rocket.
Date 1/31/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Ham Tries Out His Life Suppo …
Title Ham Tries Out His Life Support System
Full Description Ham tries out his combination couch and life support system in preparation for his flight in Mercury Redstone-2 (MR-2). The couch is plugged into the circuit that normally would supply the astronaut's full pressure suit. The MR-2 flight was one in a series of flights that led to the manned orbital flights of NASA's Project Mercury program.
Date 01/28/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Alan Shepard in Space Suit b …
Title Alan Shepard in Space Suit before Mercury Launch
Full Description Profile of astronaut Alan Shepard in his silver pressure suit with the helmet visor closed as he prepares for his upcoming Mercury-Redstone 3 (MR-3) launch. On May 5th 1961, Alan B. Shepard Jr. became the first American to fly into space. His Freedom 7 Mercury capsule flew a suborbital trajectory lasting 15 minutes 22 seconds. His spacecraft splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean where he and Freedom 7 were recovered by helicopter and transported to the awaiting aircraft carrier U.S.S. Lake Champlain.
Date 07/28/1961
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Launch of Mercury-Atlas
Title Launch of Mercury-Atlas
Full Description In this Project Mercury test, a spacecraft booster by a modified Atlas was launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The Mercury capsule reached a peak altitude of 107 statute miles and landed 1.425 miles down range. Atlas was designed to launch payloads into low Earth orbit, geosynchronous transfer orbit or geosynchronous orbit. NASA first launched Atlas as a space launch vehicle in 1958. Project SCORE, the first communications satellite that transmitted President Eisenhower's pre-recorded Christmas speech around the world, was launched on an Atlas. For all three robotic lunar exploration programs, Atlas was used. Atlas/ Centaur vehicles launched both Mariner and Pioneer planetary probes. The current operational Atlas II family has a 100% mission success rating. For more information about Atlas, please see Chapter 2 in Roger Launius and Dennis Jenkins' book To Reach the High Frontier published by The University Press of Kentucky in 2002 (in which Dennis Jenkins notes on page 98 that "as a space launch vehicle there is no question that Atlas has made a mark for itself, and a great deal of money for its manufacturers").
Date 02/21/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Grissom Onboard the USS Rand …
Title Grissom Onboard the USS Randolph
Full Description Astronaut Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom, pilot of the Mercury spacecraft, "Liberty Bell 7" arrives aboard the recovery ship, U.S.S. Randolph, following his 15 minute 37 seconds suborbital space mission. He is flanked by military medical officers. Grissom's capsule sank soon after splashdown and was not recovered until nearly forty years later.
Date 07/21/1961
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Ham in Spacesuit
Name of Image Ham in Spacesuit
Date of Image 1961-01-01
Full Description Ham, a three-year-old chimpanzee, in the spacesuit he would wear for the second Mercury- Redstone (MR-2) suborbital test flight in January, 1961. NASA used chimpanzees and other primates to test the Mercury capsule before launching the fisrt American astronaut, Alan Shepard, in May 1961. The Mercury capsule rode atop a modified Redstone rocket, developed by Dr. Wernher von Braun and the German Rocket Team in Huntsville, Alabama.
Grissom Awaits MR-4
Name of Image Grissom Awaits MR-4
Date of Image 1961-07-21
Full Description Astronaut Virgil Gus Grissom awaits America's second marned space mission, Mercury-Redstone 4 (MR-4) on July 21, 1961. During the 15-minute suborbital flight, the Liberty Bell 7 Mercury spacecraft reached an altitude of 118 miles and traveled 303 miles downrange. It was the fourth flight of the Mercury-Redstone launch vehicle (MR-4), developed by Dr. Wernher von Braun and the rocket team in Huntsville, Alabama.
Grissom Climbs into Liberty …
Title Grissom Climbs into Liberty Bell 7
Full Description Astronaut Virgil I. Grissom climbs into "Liberty Bell 7" spacecraft the morning of July 21, 1961. Backup Astronaut John Glenn assists in the operation. The Mercury-Redstone 4(MR-4) successfully launched the Liberty Bell 7 at 7:20 am EST on July 21, 1961. MR-4 was the second in a series of successful U.S. manned suborbital flights.
Date 07/21/1961
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Mercury Atlas
Name of Image Mercury Atlas
Date of Image 1961-02-24
Full Description The launch of the Mercury Atlas (MA-2), an unmarned suborbital Mercury capsule test on February 24, 1961.
Astronaut Escape Testing
Title Astronaut Escape Testing
Full Description Mercury-Redstone 3 (MR-3) flight configuration with cherry picker, on one of many tests conducted to evaluate astronaut escape feasibility.
Date 4/29/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Freedom 7 Prelaunch
Title Freedom 7 Prelaunch
Full Description Astronaut Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom wishes Alan B. Shepard a safe flight just before insertion into the Freedom 7 spacecraft mated on the Redstone rocket.
Date 5/5/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Ham Launch
Title Ham Launch
Full Description Mercury-Redstone 2 (MR-2) Launch with chimpanzee Ham aboard. Monkeys had been flown into space before, but Ham was the first higher primate to test a spacecraft.
Date 1/31/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Launch of Freedom 7
Title Launch of Freedom 7
Full Description Launch of Freedom 7, the first American manned suborbital space flight. Astronaut Alan Shepard aboard, the Mercury-Redstone (MR-3) rocket is launched from Pad 5.
Date 5/5/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Mercury Astronauts and a Red …
Title Mercury Astronauts and a Redstone
Explanation Space suited project Mercury [ http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/history/mercury/mercury.html ] astronauts John H. Glenn [ http://politicsusa.com/PoliticsUSA/resources/almanac/ohs1.html.cgi ], Virgil I. Grissom [ http://repos.msfc.nasa.gov/history/mm/grisbio.html ], and Alan B. Shepard Jr. [ http://repos.msfc.nasa.gov/history/mm/shepbio.html ] (left to right) are pictured here posing in front of a Redstone rocket [ http://www.redstone.army.mil/history/pioneer.html ] in this 1961 NASA publicity photo. Project Mercury [ http://www.osf.hq.nasa.gov/mercury/ ] was the first U.S. program designed to put humans in space. It resulted in 6 manned flights using one-man capsules and Redstone and Atlas rockets. Shortly after the first U.S. manned flight on May 5, 1961, a suborbital flight piloted by Alan Shepard, President Kennedy announced the goal of a manned lunar landing by 1970. This goal was achieved by NASA's Apollo program [ http://bang.lanl.gov/solarsys/apo14.htm ] and Shepard himself walked on the moon as a member of the Apollo 14 [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap951209.html ] mission.
Shepard Hoisted from Mercury …
Title Shepard Hoisted from Mercury Capsule
Full Description A U.S. Marine helicopter recovery team hoists astronaut Alan Shepard from his Mercury spacecraft after a successful flight and splashdown in the Atlantic Ocean. On May 5th 1961, Alan B. Shepard Jr. became the first American to fly into space. His Freedom 7 Mercury capsule flew a suborbital trajectory lasting 15 minutes 22 seconds. His spacecraft landed in the Atlantic Ocean where he and his capsule were recovered by helicopter and transported to the awaiting aircraft carrier U.S.S. Lake Champlain.
Date 07/20/1961
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Mercury-Atlas 3 liftoff
Title Mercury-Atlas 3 liftoff
Description A NASA project Mercury spacecraft was launched at 11:15 AM on April 25, 1961 from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The vehicle was destroyed by the Range Safety Officer about 40 seconds after liftoff.
Date Taken 1961-04-25
Chimpanzee "Ham" during pref …
Title Chimpanzee "Ham" during preflight activity prior to Mercury-Redstone 2 flight
Description Chimpanzee "Ham" during preflight activity with one of his handlers prior to the Mercury-Redstone 2 test flight which was conducted on January 31, 1961.
Date Taken 1961-01-12
Mercury-Atlas 3 liftoff
Title Mercury-Atlas 3 liftoff
Description View of the Mercury-Atlas 3 liftoff from Cape Canaveral on April 25, 1961.
Date Taken 1961-04-25
Launch of the Mercury-Atlas …
Title Launch of the Mercury-Atlas 5
Description View of the lift-off of Mercury-Atlas 5 carrying space chimp "Enos" on November 29, 1961 from Kennedy Space Center.
Date Taken 1962-11-29
Chimpanzee "Ham" during pref …
Title Chimpanzee "Ham" during preflight activity prior to Mercury-Redstone 2 flight
Description Chimpanzee "Ham" during preflight activity with one of his handlers prior to the Mercury-Redstone 2 test flight which was conducted on January 31, 1961.
Date Taken 1963-11-05
Chimpanzee "Ham" during pref …
Title Chimpanzee "Ham" during preflight activity prior to Mercury-Redstone 2 flight
Description Chimpanzee "Ham" being assisted into "space suit" prior to the Mercury-Redstone 2 test flight which was conducted on January 31, 1961.
Date Taken 1963-11-05
Astronaut John Glenn Enters …
Name of Image Astronaut John Glenn Enters Friendship 7
Date of Image 1962-02-20
Full Description Astronaut John Glenn enters the Mercury spacecraft, Friendship 7, prior to the launch of MA-6 on February 20, 1961 and became the first American who orbited the Earth. The MA-6 mission was the first manned orbital flight boosted by the Mercury-Atlas vehicle, a modified Atlas ICBM (Intercontinental Ballistic Missile), lasted for five hours, and orbited the Earth three times.
Redstone Test Stand
Name of Image Redstone Test Stand
Date of Image 1950-01-01
Full Description A Mercury-Redstone launch vehicle awaits test-firing in the Redstone Test Stand during the late 1950s. Between 1953 and 1960, the rocket team at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama performed hundreds of test firings on the Redstone rocket, over 200 on the Mercury-Redstone vehicle configuration alone. It was this configuration which launched America's first two marned space missions, Freedom 7 and Liberty Bell 7,in 1961.
MR-BD Lift Off
Name of Image MR-BD Lift Off
Date of Image 1961-03-24
Full Description The Mercury-Redstone Booster Development vehicle (MR-BD) lifts off from Cape Canaveral March 24, 1961. This test flight evaluated changes incorporated in the booster designed to reduce vehicle oscillations and vibrations. The Mercury-Redstone launch vehicle was developed by Dr. Wernher von Braun and the rocket team in Huntsville, Alabama.
Astronaut John Glenn Enters …
Name of Image Astronaut John Glenn Enters Friendship 7
Date of Image 1962-02-20
Full Description Astronaut John Glenn enters the Mercury spacecraft, Friendship 7, prior to the launch of MA-6 on February 20, 1961 and became the first American who orbited the Earth. The MA-6 mission was the first manned orbital flight boosted by the Mercury-Atlas vehicle, a modified Atlas ICBM (Intercontinental Ballistic Missile), lasted for five hours, and orbited the Earth three times.
MR-4 (Mercury-Redstone) Laun …
Name of Image MR-4 (Mercury-Redstone) Launch
Date of Image 1961-07-21
Full Description Liftoff of MR-4 (Mercury-Redstone), Liberty Bell 7, on July 21, 1961. MR-4 mission was the second marned suborbital flight and carried Astronaut Virgil Grissom aboard the Liberty Bell 7 spacecraft in space for a duration of 15-1/2 minutes.
Shepard Awaits Liftoff
Name of Image Shepard Awaits Liftoff
Date of Image 1961-05-05
Full Description Astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr. awaits liftoff in the Freedom 7 Mercury spacecraft on May 5, 1961. This third flight of the Mercury-Redstone (MR-3) vehicle, developed by D. Wernher von Braun and the rocket team in Huntsville, Alabama, was the first marned space mission for the United States. During the 15-minute suborbital flight, Shepard reached an altitude of 115 miles and traveled 302 miles downrange.
Shepard Lift Off
Name of Image Shepard Lift Off
Date of Image 1961-05-05
Full Description Astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr. lifts off in the Freedom 7 Mercury spacecraft on May 5, 1961. This third flight of the Mercury-Redstone (MR-3) vehicle, developed by Dr. Wernher von Braun and the rocket team in Huntsille, Alabama, was the first marned space mission for the United States. During the 15-minute suborbital flight, Shepard reached an altitude of 115 miles and traveled 302 miles downrange.
The Launch of Mercury-Redsto …
Name of Image The Launch of Mercury-Redstone
Date of Image 1961-05-05
Full Description The launch of the Mercury-Redstone (MR-3), Freedom 7. MR-3 placed the first American astronaut, Alan Shepard, in suborbit on May 5, 1961.
Freedom 7 and Shepard In fli …
Title Freedom 7 and Shepard In flight
Full Description Astronaut Alan Shepard photographed in flight by a 16mm movie camera inside the Freedom 7 spacecraft. Shepard is just about to raise the shield in front of his face during descent after opening of the main parachute.
Date 5/5/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Ham
Title Ham
Full Description Ham, the first chimpanzee ever to ride into space is shown off by his animal trainer at Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Date 1/31/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Sam the Monkey After His Rid …
Title Sam the Monkey After His Ride in the Little Joe 2 Spacecraft
Full Description Sam, the Rhesus monkey, after his ride in the Little Joe-2 (LJ-2) spacecraft. A U.S. Navy destroyer safely recovered Sam after he experienced three minutes of weightlessness during the flight. Animals were often used during test flights for Project Mercury to help determine the effects of spaceflight and weightlessness on humans. LJ-2 was one in a series of flights that led up to the human orbital flights of NASA's Project Mercury program. The Little Joe rocket booster was developed as a cheaper, smaller, and more functional alternative to the Redstone rockets. Little Joe could be produced at one-fifth the cost of Redstone rockets and still have enough power to carry a capsule payload. Seven unmanned Little Joe rockets were launched from Wallops Island, Virginia from August 1959 to April 1961.
Date 12/04/1959
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Little Joe 5B High-Q-Abort T …
Title Little Joe 5B High-Q-Abort Test
Full Description Little Joe" 5B launched a Mercury spacecraft in a high-Q-abort test. The ring-sail parachute lands the spacecraft off the shore of Wallops Island, Virginia. The Little Joe rocket booster was developed as a cheaper, smaller, and more functional alternative to the Redstone rockets. Little Joe could be produced at one-fifth the cost of Redstone rockets and still have enough power to carry a capsule payload. Seven unmanned Little Joe rockets were launched at Wallops Island, Virginia, from August 1959 to April 1961.
Date 04/28/1961
NASA Center Headquarters
Mercury-Redstone Booster Dev …
Title Mercury-Redstone Booster Development launch
Description Redstone launch vehicle carrying a boilerplate model of the project Mercury spacecraft launched at 12:30 on March 24, 1961 from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Date Taken 1961-03-24
The Redstone, Jupiter-C and …
Name of Image The Redstone, Jupiter-C and Mercury Redstone
Date of Image 1961-01-01
Full Description This is a comparison illustration of the Redstone, Jupiter-C, and Mercury Redstone launch vehicles. The Redstone ballistic missile was a high-accuracy, liquid-propelled, surface-to-surface missile. Originally developed as a nose cone re-entry test vehicle for the Jupiter intermediate range ballistic missile, the Jupiter-C was a modification of the Redstone missile and successfully launched the first American Satellite, Explorer-1, in orbit on January 31, 1958. The Mercury Redstone lifted off carrying the first American, astronaut Alan Shepard, in his Mercury spacecraft Freedom 7, on May 5, 1961.
Kennedy and Shepard in Washi …
Title Kennedy and Shepard in Washington D.C.
Full Description President John F. Kennedy congratulates astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr., the first American in space, on his historic May 5th, 1961 ride in the Freedom 7 spacecraft and presents him with the NASA Distinguished Service Award. The ceremony took place on the White House lawn. Shepard's wife, Louise (left in white dress and hat), and his mother were in attendance as well as the other six Mercury astronauts and NASA officals, some visible in the background.
Date 05/06/1961
NASA Center Headquarters
General Description S64-10761 (1962) --- Astronauts Virgil I. (Gus) Grissom (left) and John H. Glenn Jr. hold discussion in Mercury Control Center during Mercury-Atlas 6 pre-flight activity. Glenn is the MA-6 pilot. Grissom was the pilot for the Mercury-Redstone 4 space flight made on July 21, 1961.
Astronauts Grissom and Glenn …
Title Astronauts Grissom and Glenn hold discussion in Mercury Control Center
Description Astronauts Virgil I. (Gus) Grissom (left) and John H. Glenn Jr. hold discussion in Mercury Control Center during Mercury-Atlas 6 preflight activity. Glenn is the MA-6 pilot. Grissom was the pilot for the Mercury-Redstone 4 space flight made on July 21, 1961.
Date Taken 1964-01-07
Chimpanzee "Ham" In Biopack …
Name of Image Chimpanzee "Ham" In Biopack Couch
Date of Image 1961-01-31
Full Description A three-year-old chimpanzee, named Ham, in the biopack couch for the MR-2 suborbital test flight. On January 31, 1961, a Mercury-Redstone launch from Cape Canaveral carried the chimpanzee "Ham" over 640 kilometers down range in an arching trajectory that reached a peak of 254 kilometers above the Earth. The mission was successful and Ham performed his lever-pulling task well in response to the flashing light. NASA used chimpanzees and other primates to test the Mercury Capsule before launching the first American astronaut Alan Shepard in May 1961. The successful flight and recovery confirmed the soundness of the Mercury-Redstone systems.
A Chimpanzee, "Ham," in the …
Name of Image A Chimpanzee, "Ham," in the Biopack Couch for the MR-2 Flight
Date of Image 1961-01-01
Full Description A three-year-old chimpanzee, named Ham, in the biopack couch for the MR-2 suborbital test flight. On January 31, 1961, a Mercury-Redstone launch from Cape Canaveral carried the chimpanzee "Ham" over 640 kilometers down range in an arching trajectory that reached a peak of 254 kilometers above the Earth. The mission was successful and Ham performed his lever-pulling task well in response to the flashing light. NASA used chimpanzees and other primates to test the Mercury Capsule before launching the first American astronaut Alan Shepard in May 1961. The successful flight and recovery confirmed the soundness of the Mercury-Redstone systems.
Unloading Atlas Launch Vehic …
Title Unloading Atlas Launch Vehicle
Full Description The Atlas launch vehicle is shown being unloaded at Cape Canaveral, Florida. This vehicle was expected to launch a Mercury spacecraft (without any astronauts aboard), built by McDonnell Aircraft Corp., into orbit. The Atlas attempted to place the Mercury spacecraft into its first orbital flight. The spacecraft was supposed to be launched in an orbital flight path and reentry was to be initiated about 90 minutes later as the craft neared the end of the first orbit. Unfortunately, this Atlas exploded at launch. Atlas was designed to launch payloads into low Earth orbit, geosynchronous transfer orbit or geosynchronous orbit. NASA first launched Atlas as a space launch vehicle in 1958. Project SCORE, the first communications satellite that transmitted President Eisenhower's pre-recorded Christmas speech around the world, was launched on an Atlas. For all three robotic lunar exploration programs, Atlas was used. Atlas/ Centaur vehicles launched both Mariner and Pioneer planetary probes. The current operational Atlas II family has a 100% mission success rating. For more information about Atlas, please see Chapter 2 in Roger Launius and Dennis Jenkins' book To Reach the High Frontier published by The University Press of Kentucky in 2002.
Date 04/23/1961
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
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