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Project Mercury - Capsule #2
Title Project Mercury - Capsule #2
Full Description Project Mercury - Capsule #2. Capsule complete in Lewis Hangar near Cleveland, Ohio. Lewis is now known as the Glenn Research Center.
Date 08/03/1959
NASA Center Glenn Research Center
Mercury Capsule Model in Spi …
Title Mercury Capsule Model in Spin Tunnel
Full Description Mercury Capsule model in Spin Tunnel.
Date 9/11/1959
NASA Center Langley Research Center
Mercury Space Capsule
Title Mercury Space Capsule
Full Description The Mercury space capsule undergoing tests in Full Scale Wind Tunnel, January 1959.
Date 01/22/1959
NASA Center Langley Research Center
Astronaut L. Gordon Cooper
Name of Image Astronaut L. Gordon Cooper
Date of Image 1959-04-27
Full Description Astronaut L. Gordon Cooper, Jr., one of the original seven astronauts for Mercury Project selected by NASA on April 27, 1959. The MA-9 mission, boosted by the Mercury-Atlas launch vehicle, was the last flight of the Mercury Project. The Faith 7 spacecraft orbited the Earth 22 times in 1-1/2 days.
Molded Astronaut Couches
Title Molded Astronaut Couches
Full Description Molded astronaut couches line the NASA Langley Research Centers model shop wall. The names of the test subjects (Langley employees) are written on the back. The couches are similar to those made for each astronaut and fitted into the Mercury capsules for manned spaceflight.
Date 07/07/1959
NASA Center Langley Research Center
Big Joe Ready for Launch at …
Title Big Joe Ready for Launch at Cape Canaveral
Full Description Big Joe ready for launch at Cape Canaveral, FL. The objective of "Big Joe" was to test the ablating heatshield. The flight was both a success and failure ? the heatshield survived reentry and was in remarkably good condition when retrieved from the Atlantic. The Atlas-D booster, however, failed to stage and separated too late from the Mercury capsule.
Date 09/09/1959
NASA Center Headquarters
Project Mercury Altitude Win …
Title Project Mercury Altitude Wind Tunnel Gimbaling Rig
Full Description MASTIF - Multiple Axis Space Test Inertia Facility - was developed for Project Mercury to train astronauts in gaining control over a spacecraft that could move in multiple directions at once--pitching, rolling and yawing all at the same time. This photo is similar to photo GPN-2000-001186, but not identical.
Date 12/16/1959
NASA Center Glenn Research Center
Little Joe on launcher at Wa …
Title Little Joe on launcher at Wallops Island
Full Description Little Joe on launcher at Wallops Island. Little Joe was a major project for Langley. It was a test of the escape and recovery systems on the Mercury spacecraft.
Date 8/21/1959
NASA Center Langley Research Center
Astronaut Scott Carpenter
Name of Image Astronaut Scott Carpenter
Date of Image 1959-04-27
Full Description Astronaut Scott Carpenter, one of the original seven astronauts for Mercury Project selected by NASA on April 27, 1959. Boosted by the Mercury-Atlas vehicle, the MA-7 mission made the second marned orbital flight by the United States, and carried Astronaut Carpenter aboard Aurora 7 spacecraft to orbit the Earth three times.
Astronaut John H. Glenn
Name of Image Astronaut John H. Glenn
Date of Image 1959-04-27
Full Description Astronaut John H. Glenn, one of the original seven astronauts for Mercury Project selected by NASA on April 27, 1959. The MA-6 mission, boosted by the Mercury-Atlas vehicle, was the first manned orbital launch by the United States, and carried Astronaut Glenn aboard the Friendship 7 spacecraft to orbit the Earth.
Astronaut Walter M. Schirra
Name of Image Astronaut Walter M. Schirra
Date of Image 1959-04-27
Full Description Astronaut Walter M. "Wally" Schirra, one of the original seven astronauts for Mercury Project selected by NASA on April 27, 1959. The MA-8 (Mercury-Atlas) mission with Sigma 7 spacecraft was the third marned orbital flight by the United States, and made the six orbits in 9-1/4 hours.
Astronaut Alan B. Shepard
Name of Image Astronaut Alan B. Shepard
Date of Image 1963-09-09
Full Description Astronaut Alan B. Shepard, one of the original seven astronauts for Mercury Project selected by NASA on April 27, 1959. The Freedom 7 spacecraft boosted by Mercury-Redstone vehicle for the MR-3 mission made the first marned suborbital flight and Astronaut Shepard became the first American in space.
Astronaut Virgil I. Grissom
Name of Image Astronaut Virgil I. Grissom
Date of Image 1959-04-27
Full Description Astronaut Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom, one of the original seven astronauts for Mercury Project selected by NASA on April 27, 1959. The MR-4 mission, boosted by the Mercury-Redstone vehicle, made the second marned suborbital flight. The capsule, Liberty Bell 7, sank into the sea after the splashdown.
Sam the Monkey After His Rid …
Title Sam the Monkey After His Ride in the Little Joe 2 Spacecraft
Full Description Sam, the Rhesus monkey, after his ride in the Little Joe-2 (LJ-2) spacecraft. A U.S. Navy destroyer safely recovered Sam after he experienced three minutes of weightlessness during the flight. Animals were often used during test flights for Project Mercury to help determine the effects of spaceflight and weightlessness on humans. LJ-2 was one in a series of flights that led up to the human orbital flights of NASA's Project Mercury program. The Little Joe rocket booster was developed as a cheaper, smaller, and more functional alternative to the Redstone rockets. Little Joe could be produced at one-fifth the cost of Redstone rockets and still have enough power to carry a capsule payload. Seven unmanned Little Joe rockets were launched from Wallops Island, Virginia from August 1959 to April 1961.
Date 12/04/1959
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Little Joe 5B High-Q-Abort T …
Title Little Joe 5B High-Q-Abort Test
Full Description Little Joe" 5B launched a Mercury spacecraft in a high-Q-abort test. The ring-sail parachute lands the spacecraft off the shore of Wallops Island, Virginia. The Little Joe rocket booster was developed as a cheaper, smaller, and more functional alternative to the Redstone rockets. Little Joe could be produced at one-fifth the cost of Redstone rockets and still have enough power to carry a capsule payload. Seven unmanned Little Joe rockets were launched at Wallops Island, Virginia, from August 1959 to April 1961.
Date 04/28/1961
NASA Center Headquarters
Project Mercury Astronauts
Title Project Mercury Astronauts
Full Description Project Mercury Astronauts, whose selection was announced on April 9, 1959, only six months after the National Aeronautics and Space Administration was formally established on October 1, 1958. They are: front row, left to right, Walter H. Schirra, Jr., Donald K. Slayton, John H. Glenn, Jr., and Scott Carpenter, back row, Alan B. Shepard, Jr., Virgil I. Gus Grissom, and L. Gordon Cooper.
Date 9/13/1968
NASA Center Kennedy Space Center
Project Mercury: AWT Gimbali …
Title Project Mercury: AWT Gimbaling Rig Showing Motion
Full Description This device is formally known as the MASTIF or Multiple Axis Space Test Inertia Facility and is located in the Altitude Wind Tunnel. It was built at the Lewis Research Center, now John H. Glenn Research Center, and designed to train astronauts to regain control of a tumbling spacecraft. This sure looks like fun, huh?
Date 12/16/1959
NASA Center Glenn Research Center
PROJECT MERCURY - BIG JOE CA …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - BIG JOE CAPSULE NO. 1 FABRICATION
Description PROJECT MERCURY - BIG JOE CAPSULE NO. 1 FABRICATION
Date 05.01.1959
PROJECT MERCURY - CAPSULE NO …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - CAPSULE NO. 2 COMPLETE IN HANGAR
Description PROJECT MERCURY - CAPSULE NO. 2 COMPLETE IN HANGAR
Date 08.03.1959
PROJECT MERCURY - CAPSULE NO …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - CAPSULE NO. 2 FABRICATION
Description PROJECT MERCURY - CAPSULE NO. 2 FABRICATION
Date 07.02.1959
PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING RIG IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Description PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING RIG IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Date 10.29.1959
PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING RIG SHOWN IN MOTION IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Description PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING RIG SHOWN IN MOTION IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Date 12.16.1959
PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING RIG SHOWN IN MOTION IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Description PROJECT MERCURY - GIMBALING RIG SHOWN IN MOTION IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Date 12.16.1959
PROJECT MERCURY - JOE ALGRAN …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - JOE ALGRANTI MODELING ASTRONAUT SPACE CHAIR IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Description PROJECT MERCURY - JOE ALGRANTI MODELING ASTRONAUT SPACE CHAIR IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Date 08.10.1959
PROJECT MERCURY - PUBLICITY …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - PUBLICITY PHOTOGRAPHS OF MISSILE AND 7 ASTRONAUTS
Description PROJECT MERCURY - PUBLICITY PHOTOGRAPHS OF MISSILE AND 7 ASTRONAUTS
Date 09.28.1959
PROJECT MERCURY - PUBLICITY …
Title PROJECT MERCURY - PUBLICITY PHOTOGRAPHS OF MISSILE AND 7 ASTRONAUTS - VANGUARD I SPACECRAFT BEFORE P
Description PROJECT MERCURY - PUBLICITY PHOTOGRAPHS OF MISSILE AND 7 ASTRONAUTS - VANGUARD I SPACECRAFT BEFORE PLACEMENT OF NOSE CONE
Date 09.28.1959
Multi-Axis Gimble Rig in AWT …
Title Multi-Axis Gimble Rig in AWT with Pilot
Full Description Multi-Axis Space Test Inertia Facility (MASTIF) also known as the Gimbal Rig in Altitude Wind Tunnel (AWT) with pilot during Project Mercury. The Gimbal Rig was used to train astronauts how to pull the space capsule out of a potentially dangerous spin and regain control of the spacecraft. And boy, doesn't it look like fun?! The training and tests were run at the Altitude Wind Tunnel at Lewis Research Center, now John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field.
Date 12/31/1959
NASA Center Glenn Research Center
Original 7 Astronauts in Spa …
Title Original 7 Astronauts in Spacesuits
Full Description Project Mercury Astronauts, whose selection was announced on April 9, 1959, only six months after the National Aeronautics and Space Administration was formally established on October 1, 1958. Front row, left to right, Walter M. Schirra, Jr., Donald K. Slayton, John H. Glenn, Jr., and M. Scott Carpenter, back row, Alan B. Shepard, Jr., Virgil I. 'Gus' Grissom and L. Gordon Cooper.
Date 09/13/1968
NASA Center Langley Research Center
Little Joe Launch Vehicle
Title Little Joe Launch Vehicle
Full Description Launching of the Little Joe launch vehicle on October 4, 1959 took place at Wallops Island, Va. This was the first attempt to launch an instrumented capsule with a Little Joe booster. Only the LJ1A and the LJ6 used the space metal/chevron plates as heat reflector shields, as they kept shattering. Little Joe was used to test various components of the Mercury spacecraft, such as the emergency escape rockets.
Date 10/04/1959
NASA Center Langley Research Center
Astronaut Donald Slayton
Name of Image Astronaut Donald Slayton
Date of Image 1959-04-27
Full Description Astronaut Donald "Deke" Slayton, one of the original seven astronauts for Mercury Project selected by NASA on April 27, 1959. Astronaut Slayton had never been into space, grounded because of an irregular heartbeat, until he flew on the Apollo/Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) on July 15, 1975.
Original Seven Astronauts
Name of Image Original Seven Astronauts
Date of Image 1959-04-27
Full Description The group portrait of the original seven astronauts for the Mercury Project. NASA selected its first seven astronauts on April 27, 1959. Left to right at front: Walter M. Wally Schirra, Donald K. Deke Slayton, John H. Glenn, Jr., and Scott Carpenter. Left to right at rear: Alan B. Shepard, Virgil I. Gus Grissom, and L. Gordon Cooper, Jr.
PROJECT MERCURY CAPSULE SHAK …
Title PROJECT MERCURY CAPSULE SHAKE TEST
Description PROJECT MERCURY CAPSULE SHAKE TEST
Date 04.22.1959
Astronaut Deke Slayton durin …
Title Astronaut Deke Slayton during World War II
Full Description This World War II photograph shows future Astronaut Donald "Deke" K. Slayton (on right) and 1st Lt. Ed Steinman (on left) beside a Douglas A-26 bomber in the Pacific Theater of Operations during the summer of 1945. While the exact location is unknown, the photograph was most likely taken on Okinawa. 1st Lt. Slayton was one of only two NASA astronauts to fly combat missions during World War II. Slayton was born in 1924 in Sparta, Wisconsin, and joined the Army Air Force soon after high school. He completed flight training in April 1943, and spent a year in Europe as a B-25 pilot with the 340th Bombardment Group, completing 56 combat missions. In 1944, he returned to the United States for a year before being assigned to Okinawa with the 319th Bombardment Group. As part of the first group to fly combat with the A-26 aircraft, he flew seven combat missions over Japan. Slayton logged more the 6,600 hours of flying time, including 5,100 in jet aircraft. He was named as one of the seven Mercury astronauts in April 1959 and was scheduled to pilot the Mercury- Atlas 7 mission, but a heart condition prevented him from flying. After years of work as the Coordinator of Astronaut Activities and Director of Flight Crew Operations, he was again declared fit to fly in March 1972. Three years later he participated in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project as the Apollo docking module pilot. While he did not fly again, he continued to work for NASA until 1982 in a variety of capacities. He died on June 13, 1993.
Date 1945
NASA Center Headquarters
Mercury Project - Little Joe …
Title Mercury Project - Little Joe capsule
Description Assembling the Little Joe capsule. This workman signed and taped in a twenty-dollar bill to be carried along with the mission. The capsules were manufactured "in-house" by Langley technicians. Joseph Shortal wrote (vol. 3, p. 32): "Design of the Little Joe capsules began at Langley before McDonnell started on the design of the Mercury capsule and was, therefore, a separate design. Although it was not designed to carry a man, it did have to carry a monkey. It had to meet the weight and center of gravity requirements of Mercury and withstand the same aerodynamic loads during the exit trajectory.""Although in comparison with the overall Mercury Project, Little Joe was a simple undertaking, the fact that an attempt was made to condense a normal two-year project into a 6-month one with in house labor turned it into a major undertaking for Langley.
Date 08.22.1959
Mercury Project - Little Joe …
Title Mercury Project - Little Joe capsule
Description Assembling the Little Joe capsule. The capsules were manufactured "in-house" by Langley technicians. The antenna housing is about to be installed by the technician. Joseph Shortal wrote (vol. 3, p. 33): "The antenna housing or canister, located on top of the cylindrical section was removable and housed the 6-foot drogue chute and covered the antennas for the beacons used as part of the recovery aid system. This section was made of 0.03-inch corrugated Inconel. A conical fiber glass shield protected the canister from the exhaust of the escape rocket.""Design of the Little Joe capsules began at Langley before McDonnell started on the design of the Mercury capsule and was, therefore, a separate design. Although it was not designed to carry a man, it did have to carry a monkey. It had to meet the weight and center of gravity requirements of Mercury and withstand the same aerodynamic loads during the exit trajectory." (vol. 3, p. 32) "Although in comparison with the overall Mercury Project, Little Joe was a simple undertaking, the fact that an attempt was made to condense a normal two-year project into a 6-month one with in house labor turned it into a major undertaking for Langley.
Date 08.22.1959
Mercury Project - Little Joe …
Title Mercury Project - Little Joe capsule
Description Assembling the Little Joe capsule. The capsules were manufactured "in-house" by Langley technicians. Joseph Shortal wrote (vol. 3, pp. 31-32): "Because the Little Joe capsule was to be recovered, it was decided to use extensive onboard recording instrumentation to supplement the usual telemetry of rocket models. The onboard instrumentation was made the responsibility of [C.H. ] Nelson's group [which was responsible for airplane instrumentation]. This was the beginning of the participation of Nelson in space flight activity that was to continue for many years.""Design of the Little Joe capsules began at Langley before McDonnell started on the design of the Mercury capsule and was, therefore, a separate design. Although it was not designed to carry a man, it did have to carry a monkey. It had to meet the weight and center of gravity requirements of Mercury and withstand the same aerodynamic loads during the exit trajectory.""Although in comparison with the overall Mercury Project, Little Joe was a simple undertaking, the fact that an attempt was made to condense a normal two-year project into a 6-month one with in house labor turned it into a major undertaking for Langley.
Date 08.22.1959
Mercury Capsule Prototype
Title Mercury Capsule Prototype
Description The Mercury program's "Little Joe" launch vehicles were constructed at NASA Langley Research Center in 1959. Here, technicians assemble Little Joe in one of Langley's fabrication shops. Design of the Little Joe capsules began at Langley before work was started on the design of the Mercury capsule and, was, therefore, a separate design. Little Joe was not designed to carry man, it did have to meet the weight and center of gravity requirements of Mercury, and withstand the same aerodynamic loads during the path of the lift-off. Little Joe was a major undertaking for Langley since the project condensed a two-year undertaking into a six-month one.
Date 07.30.1959
Prototype Mercury Capsule at …
Title Prototype Mercury Capsule at Langley Workshops
Description Design of the Little Joe capsules began at Langley prior to the design of the Mercury capsule and was, therefore, a separate design. It was not designed to carry a man but the capsules did have to meet the weight and center of gravity requirements of Mercury and withstand the same aerodynamic loads during the path of lift-off. In comparison with the overall Mercury Project, Little Joe was a simple undertaking, The fact that an attempt was made to condense a normal two-year project into a six-month one with in-house labor turned it into a major undertaking for Langley.
Date 08.18.1959
Prototype Mercury Capsule at …
Title Prototype Mercury Capsule at Langley Workshops
Description Assembling the Little Joe capsules. The capsules were manufactured "in-house" by Langley technicians. Three capsules are shown here in various stages of assembly. The escape tower and rocket motors shown on the completed capsule would be removed before shipping and finally assembly for launching at Wallops Island. Joseph Shortal wrote (vol. 3, p. 32): "Design of the Little Joe capsules began at Langley before McDonnell started on the design of the Mercury capsule and was, therefore, a separate design. Although it was not designed to carry a man, it did have to carry a monkey. It had to meet the weight and center of gravity requirements of Mercury and withstand the same aerodynamic loads during the exit trajectory. Although in comparison with the overall Mercury Project, Little Joe was a simple undertaking, the fact that an attempt was made to condense a normal two-year project into a 6-month one with in house labor turned it into a major undertaking for Langley.
Date 07.30.1959
Mercury capsule model in Spi …
Title Mercury capsule model in Spin Tunnel.
Description Mercury capsule model in Spin Tunnel.
Date 09.11.1959
Mercury Project - Space Task …
Title Mercury Project - Space Task Group
Description (left to right) Charles Donlan, deputy head, and Robert Gilruth, head, Space Task Group, look at a scale model of a Mercury space capsule.
Date 08.20.1959
Mercury Space Capsule- Winds …
Title Mercury Space Capsule- Winds of Change
Description A Langley technician checks the Mercury full-scale capsule model prior to testing in the 30- by 60-Foot Tunnel in 1959 at NASA Langley Research Center, Much of the research and development of the Mercury program was conducted at Langley. Originally built in the early 1930s to test full-scale aircraft, the "30 by 60" tested many of the bombers and fighter planes used in World War II. Although it was retired in October 1995, the "30 by 60" is one of NASAs largest wind tunnels and is a National Historic Landmark. Many of the tests on the late 1980s and early 1990s were free-flight tests of dynamically scaled models in the test section. This technique allowed researchers to measure and assess flight characteristics as well as evaluate control options.
Date 01.22.1959
Astronaut Scott Carpenter du …
Title Astronaut Scott Carpenter during centrifuge training
Description Astronaut M. Scott Carpenter, prime pilot for the Mercury-Atlas 7 mission, during centrifuge training.
Date 08.10.1959
Astronaut Scott Carpenter du …
Title Astronaut Scott Carpenter during centrifuge training
Description Close-up of Astronaut M. Scott Carpenter, prime pilot for the Mercury-Atlas 7 mission, during centrifuge training.
Date 08.10.1959
PROJECT MERCURY ATLAS D CAPS …
Title PROJECT MERCURY ATLAS D CAPSULE ROTATING WORK STAND
Description PROJECT MERCURY ATLAS D CAPSULE ROTATING WORK STAND
Date 04.03.1959
PROJECT MERCURY GIMBALING RI …
Title PROJECT MERCURY GIMBALING RIG WITH MAN IN SPACE COUCH IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Description PROJECT MERCURY GIMBALING RIG WITH MAN IN SPACE COUCH IN THE ALTITUDE WIND TUNNEL AWT
Date 10.22.1959
Mercury capsule floatation t …
Title Mercury capsule floatation tests
Description A model of the Mercury capsule undergoes floatation tests. Photograph published in Winds of Change, 75th Anniversary NASA publication (page 76), by James Schultz.
Date 06.08.1959
Mercury model in the Unitary …
Title Mercury model in the Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel
Description Model of Mercury being tested in the Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel.
Date 06.06.1959
Mercury Project
Title Mercury Project
Description One-sixth scale model of Mercury space capsule model used in wind tunnel testing.
Date 11.05.1959
Mercury Project
Title Mercury Project
Description A one-sixth scale model of the Mercury capsule being tested in the 300-mph 7 x 10-foot wind tunnel.
Date 06.02.1959
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